For Linux-like OS users, LAMP is a familiar acronym. It originally stood for [L]inux [A]pache [M]ySQL [P]erl, although the [P] is now commonly used to stand for PHP, Python, or Programming languages rather than being limited to Perl scripting.  This constitutes a complete web server package, and is remarkable in that it is Open Source software, allowing the end user the freedom to look at or even modify the source code.  In addition to the customization available through Open Source, LAMP packages, like most Linux distributions, is usually available free of charge.  Because of the unbeatable cost, as well as patly due to being included in many Linux distributions, LAMP has become a popular solution stack for creating and maintaining websites of a dynamic nature.  The basic package consists of an Operating System (Linux), a web server (Apache), a database and/or data distribution application (MySQL), and the tools needed for actually (Programming) in an applicable scripting language.  Use of the acronym is credited to being first used in 1998 in an article intended to demonstrate the feasibility of free software in high-end applications.  There are a number of AMP package variations, ranging from the scripting language used to the database being implemented (PostgresSQL is another favorite), with most packages having cross-platform versions.

LAMP revolves around the Linux kernel, which is the nexus of the operating system.  Linux itself has had a large role in promoting Open Source software, as it’s original purpose was to be a full featured operating system that was built upon the combined effort of the creative commons (although this was long before that term had been created).  Linux is a mid to high-end operating system, designed with more stability and flexibility than can be expected from a MS-DOS derived architecture.  It can be run on devices ranging from cell phones to mainframes, and has been recognized for years as a successor the the original UNIX OS which has been known to the academic and scientific communities since the 1970′s.

Apache HTTP Server is credited with playing a large role in the explosion of interactive websites starting in the second half of the 1990′s and continuing on the present day.  Beginning as a competitor to the Netscape Communications web server (known known as the Sun Java Web Server), its roots are deeply embedded in the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA).  Apache has been a market leader in webserving applications almost since it’s first release, and was thought to hold better than 49% of the total market share as recently as June of 2007.  Apache, in addition to being free and Open Source, is highly portable, with versions available for numerous OS, including Linux, UNIX, Windows, OS X, and Solaris.  As with Linux, Apache exists at least partially in support of the concept of Open Source software.

MySQL (pronounced My skew el) is a relational database that allows multiple connections to data, as well as having the ability to parse several different types of data dynamically.  It is Open Source, open platform, although it is based on proprietary original code owned by Sun Microsystems.  It is the driving application behind such popular online sites as Wikipedia, and is a fundamental part of the amazingly well received WordPress blogging scripts (which are nothing more than a set of MYSQL scripts, when all is said and done).

PHP was developed in 1995, and is considered by the Free Software Foundation to be on the list of free software available to the general public.  Originally written as a personal web page processor, it is reported to be an acronym for (Personal Home Page), and was the first known software developed expressly to create interactive web pages that could process information dynamically.  It even has the ability of allowing embedded HTML code inside commands issued from remote sources, and is beyond doubt a major player in transforming the worldwide web away from the the “online newspaper” image of the early 1990′s to the dynamic and interactive web that is widely used today.

Article written by MyComputerAid.com

Post from: MyComputerAid.com Computer support

Linux LAMP an overview

Linux, being a favorite among open source programming, releases many different types of applications. All Linux applications are open source and free to have and redistribute. Linux databases are no exception. Two major Linux databases are MySQL and PostgreSQL. In 1994, Hughes Technology released the first ever mSQL (mini SQL) for Linux. This was the answer the open source world was waiting for to Microsoft SQL. The mSQL database lost favoritism over the years and was eventually replaced by MySQL by Sun Microsystems. MySQL is an open source and free database; however the Enterprise Edition can be bought for a price per server. MySQL is used on every continent and is very popular and highly available. MySQL is a comprehensive and complete database solution.

PostgreSQL is reliable, has data integrity, and outstanding correctness. It can be run on all major platforms including Linux, UNIX (AIX, BSD, HP-UX, SGI IRIX, Mac OS X, Solaris, Tru64), and Windows. PostgreSQL includes most data types and has full support for an array of languages. PostgreSQL is feature rich including MVCC), point in time recovery, tablespaces, nested transactions, online/hot backups, and write ahead logging for fault tolerance. This database has an unlimited database size, with 32 TB max per table, 1.6 TB max per row, and 1 GB max field size. There can be anywhere from 250 – 1600 columns in a table and an unlimited number of indexes.

Article written by MyComputerAid.com

Post from: MyComputerAid.com Computer support

Linux main databases

Requirments:
Shell access
ncftp
Vi or Pico/Nano editor
Cron

Step 1:
Log into your server as the user you want to run this script as (usually root).  You can then create a file somewhere on your server (I usually put the file in /etc/backup)

# cd /etc
# mkdir backup
# cd backup
# nano backup.sh

Step 2:
Cut and paste the script I have written into the file and then edit the parts required (it is spretty streight forward to understand but I will put comments on each line — the comments will start with a * so do not add these comments into your script).  After you have edited and save the file you must chmod the file 755 to make it executable

#!/bin/sh
HOST=’192.168.1.3′
* this can be an ip address or a hostname of the destination FTP server
USER=’ftpbackup’
* the username of the ftp server
PASSWD=’backup0012′
* the password on the ftp server
DATE=`/bin/date +%Y%m%d`
* no edits for DATE
TIME=`/bin/date +%H`
* No Edits for TIME
HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname`
* No edits for HOSTNAME

mysqldump -c -B -uroot -pfoobar DB1 DB2 mysql > data.sql &&
* This is if you want to backup your mysql database, DB1 and DB2 represent databases within mysql you want yo backup -uroot -pfoobar (change this to your mysql username and password). if you are not backing up mysql then remove the above line.

tar zcvf $DATE.$TIME.$HOSTNAME.tar.gz ./data.sql /etc/ /var/www > /dev/null &&
* you can edit this line as you wish if you are not backing up mysql you can remove ./data.sql, you can add directories such as /etc and /var/www

ncftpput -u $USER -p $PASSWD $HOST /tobebackedup $DATE.$TIME.$HOSTNAME.tar.gz ;:
* nothing to edit here

The finished script:

#!/bin/sh
HOST=’192.168.1.3′
USER=’ftpbackup’
PASSWD=’backup0012′
DATE=`/bin/date +%Y%m%d`
TIME=`/bin/date +%H`
HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname`

mysqldump -c -B -uroot -pfoobar DB1 DB2 mysql > data.sql &&
tar zcvf $DATE.$TIME.$HOSTNAME.tar.gz ./data.sql > /dev/null &&

ncftpput -u ftpbackup -p backup0012 $HOST /tobebackedup $DATE.$TIME.$HOSTNAME.tar.gz ;:

Running the script on a schedule (Crontab howto):
as the user that you want to run the backup script as type the following commands:

crontab -e
To run weekly on Sunday enter the line:
* * * * 6 /etc/backup/backup.sh

Article written by MyComputerAid.com

Post from: MyComputerAid.com Computer support

Simple linux FTP backup script