Generated by All in One SEO v4.9.7.2, this is an llms.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site. # Computer support articles Free computer support, articles and Guides ## Sitemaps - [XML Sitemap](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website. ## Posts - [Exchange service pack 1 beta](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2007/exchange-service-pack1-beta/) - [Add text to every outgoing mail for exchange](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/add-text-every-outgoing-mail-exchange/) - [Install exchange 2000 in active directory](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/install-exchange-2000-active-directory/) - [Finding Service Dependencies](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/finding-service-dependencies/) - How to use sc.exe to find service dependencies Windows services often have dependencies where starting one service requires that others already be running. Although you can view these dependencies using the Services.msc console, an easier way is to use the following two Sc.exe commands: sc qc service_name will list all services on which the specified - [Moving user profile location in Windows Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/moving-user-profile-location-in-windows-vista/) - How to move the location where user profiles are stored in Windows Vista. A common question is how you can move the default location where user profiles are stored in Windows Visty from the C:\Users directory to some other location, for example a second hard drive named D: or perhaps elsewhere. Unfortunately, if you want - [Disabling File and Folder Encryption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/disabling-file-folder-encryption/) - How to disable file/folder encryption on Windows Vista. The Encrypting File System (EFS) allows you to secure data on NTFS volumes, but it also adds some processor overhead to your machine and can affect the performance of some applications, particularly SQL Server. On Windows Vista and later, you can prevent users from encrypting their files - [Getting past the size limit for roaming profiles](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/getting-past-size-limit-roaming-profiles/) - How to enable really big roaming user profiles if needed i.e. roam a lot of stuff. A Group Policy setting found at User Configuration\Administrative Templates\System\User Profiles\Limit Profile Size can be used to limit the size of roaming user profiles, but this setting has a hard-coded maximum of 30MB. What if you need to allow roaming - [Vista's Setup log](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/vistas-setup-log/) - How to disable Vista's Setup log Windows Vista includes a Setup log which can be viewed and analyzed using Event Viewer. By default new Setup events generated are added to this log, but you can disable this functionality using local Group Policy as follows: 1. Type gpedit.msc in the Start Search box and hit Enter. - [Backing up event logs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/backing-up-event-logs/) - How to configure Vista to back up event logs. Windows Vista now lets you use Group Policy to configure event logs so they get backed up when they become full. To configure this using local Group Policy do the following: 1. Type gpedit.msc in the Start Search box and hit Enter. 2. Click Continue - [More on preventing device installs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/more-on-preventing-device-installs/) - Another way you can configure Vista to prevent certain kinds of devices from being installed. Another way Vista lets you prevent new devices from being installed is by specifying the PnP hardware ID of the device type you want to prohibit. To do this, edit local Group Policy as follows: 1. Type gpedit.msc in - [Preventing device installs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/preventing-device-installs/) - Another way you can configure Vista to prevent certain kinds of devices from being installed. Another way Vista lets you prevent new devices from being installed is by specifying the PnP hardware ID of the device type you want to prohibit. To do this, edit local Group Policy as follows: 1. Type gpedit.msc in the - [Prevent any new devices from being installed](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/prevent-any-new-devices-being-installed/) - Vista can be configured to prevent any new devices from being installed. While Vista includes new Group Policy settings that let you prevent device installation based on device setup class GUID or PnP device ID, this may not be sufficient in a highly secure environment. If you want to prevent Vista from installing *any* new - [Overriding device installation policies](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/overriding-device-installation-policies/) - Admins on Vista machines are also subject to device installation restrictions, but you can change this. As described in previous tips, Vista has a number of new Group Policy settings that let you prevent new devices from being installed or existing devices from having their drivers updated. You can control this for all devices or - [Controlling which kinds of devices can be installed](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/controlling-which-kinds-devices-installed/) - In Vista, you can prevent any specify type of device from being intalled. Windows Vista gives you more control than ever before concerning which kinds of devices you can allow to be installed on your systems and which types you will prohibit installation. You can fine-tune this by editing local Group Policy as follows: - [Disabling removable devices](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/disabling-removable-devices/) - How to prevent USB devices and other removable devices from being installed in Vista. USB storage devices have been a security concern since shortly after they first appeared in the marketplace. Admins often fear users could use these devices to remove sensitive information from work machines in violation of company policy, and as a result - [Configuring device installation timeout](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/configuring-device-installation-timeout/) - How to allow more time for new devices to install properly in Vista. By default, when Windows Vista tries to install a new device on your system, it allows up to 300 seconds or 5 minutes for the device driver install process to complete. It is possible that some new devices might take longer than - [Device installation and system restore](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/device-installation-system-restore/) - How to minimize creation of new restore points due to frequent driver upgrades and installs. By default, Windows Vista always creates a new system restore point whenever a device driver is updated or a new driver is installed for a device. While this is generally best practice, it can result in lots of disk space - [Disabling preferential device drivers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/disabling-preferential-device-drivers/) - How to ensure Vista always uses the latest drivers for your devices. By default, Windows Vista will prefer a device driver from Microsoft rather than from a third party vendor if both drivers are available for the same device--even if the vendor's driver has a more recent version number or creation date. This could mean - [Disabling device found popups](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/disabling-device-found-popups/) - How to disable annoying popups for new device detection in Vista. When Windows Vista finds new hardware has been added to a system or a new device has been detected, a popup balloon appears to notify you, even if no other response is required from the system's user. You can disable this annoying popup by - [Event log retention](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/event-log-retention/) - How to configure event log retention in Windows Vista. Windows Vista now lets you configure event logging settings more than ever before using Group Policy. One of the new settings you can configure is event log retention. By default, when an event log such as the Application log becomes full, oldest events are overwritten by - [Troubleshooting Regsvr32 Error 0x80004005](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/troubleshooting-regsvr32-error-0x80004005/) - Until software vendors get totally Vista compatible, having to manually register DLL files is going to be a pretty common task. Here is how to troubleshooting one of the most common errors received while doing this. A common sight when trying to get older software to work with Windows Vista is having to manually register - [Turning on Windows features during an unattended install](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/turning-windows-features-during-unattended-install/) - How to turn on Windows features during an unattended install of Vista. When you install Vista, the in-box games are not enabled by default and so don’t appear on the Start menu. However, you can configure answer file settings to cause FreeCell (my favorite) for example to be automatically enabled on a Vista installation. To - [Migrating unattend.txt to unattend.xml](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/migrating-unattendtxt-to-unattendxml/) - Here is a quick tip for migrating your XP answer files to Vista. If you’ve created answer files for unattended deployment XP and you want to create similar ones for deploying Vista, there’s a resource you should know about that can help you. Just do the following: 1. Install the Windows Automated Installation Kit (Windows - [Specifying your name and organization during an unattended install of Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/specifying-your-name-organization-during-unattended-install-vista/) - You can configure your answer file to specify your name and organization during an unattended install of Vista. Examine the following answer file component using Windows SIM: Microsoft-Windows-Setup\UserData You’ll see three settings there. The first setting (AcceptEula) must be configured as True if you want to automate the windowsPE configuration pass of Windows Setup. The - [Specifying the target partition for unattended install of Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/specifying-target-partition-unattended-install-vista/) - Here is a tip on specifying the target partition when performing an unattended install of Windows Vista. When you create an answer file for unattended installation of Vista, you must specify which partition and which disk drive you want to install the operating system onto. You normally do this by configuring the following component: Microsoft-Windows-Setup\InstallImage\OSImage\InstallTo - [Moving user profile location in Windows Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/moving-user-profile-location-in-windows-vista-2/) - How to move the location where user profiles are stored in Windows Vista. A common question is how you can move the default location where user profiles are stored in Windows Visty from the C:\Users directory to some other location, for example a second hard drive named D: or perhaps elsewhere. Unfortunately, if you want - [How to tell if a computer has been sysprepped.](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/how-to-tell-computer-sysprepped/) - Here’s an easy way how you can tell if a computer has been sysprepped. To determine whether a computer system has previously been sysprepped, look under the following registry key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\Setup key If you find a value named CloneTag under this key, the system has been sysprepped (i.e. generalized) and the value of this key - [Preparing a disk for an unattended install of Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/preparing-a-disk-for-an-unattended-install-of-vista/) - Here’s a tip for preparing a disk for an unattended install of Windows Vista. Before you can install Vista onto a bare-metal system, you must prepare the disk by creating a partition. To do this, you must configure the following answer file component: Microsoft-Windows-Setup\DiskConfiguration\Disk\CreatePartitions\CreatePartition The setting you normally configure for this component is called Size, - [Adding comments to answer files](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/adding-comments-to-answer-files/) - You can add comments to your XML answer files to keep track of what your answer files are used for. If you have lots of unattend.xml or autounattend.xml answer files, how can you keep track of which is which? The easy way is to add a comment to each answer file. To add comments, use - [Three more things you shouldn’t do with Sysprep](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/three-more-things-you-shouldnt-do-with-sysprep/) - Three more things you shouldn’t do when running Sysprep on a Windows Vista computer. Here are three more things you shouldn’t do when running Sysprep on a Windows Vista computer: 1. Don’t run Sysprep on a computer that has been in use by users (i.e. only run Sysprep on new installs of Windows). 2. Don’t - [Three things you shouldn’t with Sysprep](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/three-things-you-shouldnt-with-sysprep/) - Three things you should not do when running Sysprep on a Windows Vista computer. Here are three things you shouldn’t do when running Sysprep on a Windows Vista computer: 1. Don’t run Sysprep from any directory except %WINDIR%\system32\sysprep 2. Don’t run Sysprep on a version of Windows different from the one from which you got - [Breaking into audit mode](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/breaking-into-audit-mode/) - How to break into audit mode during a manual install of Windows Vista. Audit mode is a mode of Windows Setup that lets you bypass Windows Welcome so you can quickly access the desktop. Audit mode is usually entered by running sysprep /audit command or using an answer file setting during unattended installation. But if - [Changes to Sysprep switches in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/changes-to-sysprep-switches-in-vista/) - Differences between Sysprep options for Vista compared with XP Sysprep, the familiar System Preparation tool used for preparing a Windows installation for deployment using disk imaging, is now built directly into Vista. Unfortunately its syntax has changed somewhat from previous versions, and if you’re going to deploy Vista you need to know the new command-line - [Implicit answer file search order for Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/implicit-answer-file-search-order-for-vista/) - How Vista searches for an answer file when you don't tell it where to look In previous versions of Windows, you had to explicitly tell Setup where your answer file by using the setup.exe /unattend:filename command. You can still do this in Vista, but Setup in Vista is also smart enough to search for an - [Troubleshooting Vista Installs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/troubleshooting-vista-installs/) - How to troubleshoot Vista installs using Setup logs. If you had problems installing Vista on a system, you can troubleshoot by checking the various log files Vista creates during Setup. Here’s a quick summary of each Setup log including its location and function: $windows.~bt\sources\panther – used during the Windows PE phase $windows.~bt\sources\rollback – same as - [Breaking into a command prompt in Windows PE](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/breaking-into-a-command-prompt-in-windows-pe/) - How to open a command prompt during the Windows PE phase of Windows Setup for Vista. When the Windows PE phase of Windows Setup is running, you can break into a command prompt window running under Local System context by pressing SHIFT+F10. This is cool because it lets you view Setup logs and run - [What state is Vista Setup currently in?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/what-state-is-vista-setup-currently-in/) - How to determine what state Windows Setup is in when installing Vista. You can determine what state Windows Setup is in from the command prompt by typing the following: reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Setup\State /v ImageState The result will be one of the following values: IMAGE_STATE_COMPLETE – Vista was successfully installed IMAGE_STATE _UNDEPLOYABLE – The current phase - [Vista’s Setup configuration passes for admins who deploy XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/vistas-setup-configuration-passes-for-admins-who-deploy-xp/) - Vista’s Setup configuration passes for admins who deploy XP. If you are an administrator who is used to deploying Windows XP using standard deployment tools, it can be difficult learning how to transition these skills to deploying Vista. For example, if you are used to configuring unattend.txt files for deploying XP, which configuration pass in - [Where is Sysprep in Vista?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/where-is-sysprep-in-vista/) - Where can you find the Sysprep.exe utility in Vista? In previous versions of Microsoft Windows, the System Preparation Tool (sysprep.exe) was found in the Deployment.cab file on your product CD. If you’ve examined the Vista DVD however, there’s no such cabinet file present. So where can you find sysprep now? Turns out, it’s included in - [Important Log Files for Deploying Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/important-log-files-for-deploying-vista/) - Five log files you should know about for troubleshooting Vista deployment problems. Here’s a quick summary of five log files that may (or may not be) created by Vista during deployment: %windir%\panther\setupact.log, records setup actions resulting from installation of the operating system. %windir%\panther\setuperr.log, records errors encountered during installation of the operating system. %windir%\panther\cbs_unattend.log, records processing - [Create Menus in Windows PE](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/create-menus-in-windows-pe/) - A tool for easily creating menus in Windows PE Windows PE is a fully-functional (though scaled-down) version of Vista, and as such you can modify it using scripts and other techniques. One popular modification is creating menus in Windows PE to ease the task of deploying Vista. To make doing this even easier, check out - [ImageX with a GUI](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/imagex-with-a-gui/) - How to get a GUI for the imagex.exe command. Vista’s Windows Automated Installation Kit (Windows AIK) lets you capture and deploy Windows Image (WIM) files using the imagex.exe command. Unfortunately imagex.exe is a command-line utility whose syntax can be somewhat cryptic at times. Well, where there’s a UI, there’s a way, right? Check out this - [Edit the Registry of a Vista Image](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/edit-the-registry-of-a-vista-image/) - How to edit the registry of a captured image. Vista’s new image-based Windows Image (WIM) file format lets you do some cool things. For example, you can edit the registry of a Vista image you’ve already captured from a reference computer. Here’s how you do this: Mount the image using a command something like this: - [Essential Steps for Upgrading to Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/essential-steps-for-upgrading-to-vista/) - What you need to do before upgrading to Vista. Planning on manually upgrading your Windows XP workstation to Vista? Here are four things you must be sure to do: Run the Upgrade Advisor to see whether your hardware configuration will support upgrading to Vista. You may need to beef up your machine for it to - [Upgrade Advisor’s Big Brother](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/upgrade-advisors-big-brother/) - How to check a whole network of XP computers to see whether they can be upgraded to Vista. The Vista Upgrade Advisor is useful for checking individual Windows XP computers to see whether their hardware configuration will support upgrading to Windows Vista, but what if you have hundreds of thousands of computers to check? For - [Error Capturing Image of Reference Computer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/error-capturing-image-reference-computer/) - How to resolve an error that may occur when capturing an image using imagex.exe Say you’re planning on deploying Windows Vista and you’ve prepped your reference computer and are ready to capture its image. You try using the following command: imagex.exe /compress fast /capture c: c:\image_name.wim “Blah” /verify Then you get the following error: - [Adding Boot Critical Drivers During Unattended Installation of Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/adding-boot-critical-drivers-during-unattended-installation-vista/) - How to add Boot Critical drivers during Unattended Installation of Vista Sometimes having the right driver is critical for being able to perform an unattended install. For instance, your system may need special mass storage drivers in order for Windows PE to see your RAID hardware. Or if you’re performing a network install, then you - [Using Multiple Answer Files with Windows Deployment Services](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/using-multiple-answer-files-with-windows-deployment-services/) - How to use multiple answer files for the Windows DS client. Windows Deployment Services requires that you create two answer files instead of one to perform automated deployment. The first answer file is used for the Windows DS client when Windows PE runs, and the second answer file is used during the OOBE phase. To - [More Sysprep Errors with Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/more-sysprep-errors-with-vista/) - Resolving other errors that can occur when sysprepping a Vista computer. If you try to sysprep a Vista reference system and get this error: ”A fatal error occurred while trying to sysprep the machine.” then you should check your Setupact.log file and see if you can find the following line: 0x80070020 / ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION If this - [Sysprep Error with Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/sysprep-error-with-vista/) - Resolving an error that can occur when sysprepping a Vista computer If you try and run sysprep.exe /oobe /generalize /shutdown on a Vista reference system and get the following error message: “System Preparation Tool has stopped working A problem caused the program to stop working correctly. Windows will close the program and notify you if - [Check Hardware Before Upgrading to Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/check-hardware-before-upgrading-to-vista/) - How to check if your computer hardware will support upgrading from XP to Vista. Before you upgrade your Windows XP workstations to Windows Vista, be sure to check whether the hardware will support the upgrade. To do this, use the Windows Vista Upgrade Advisor. Be sure however to download the latest version of Upgrade Advisor - [The Windows Automated Installation Kit](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/the-windows-automated-installation-kit/) - Deploying workstations is something that can be very time consuming. Microsoft has recently released its Windows Automated Installation Toolkit to aide in this process. System administrators are known to spend hours on end figuring out new and more efficient ways to deploy desktop operating systems to network clients. Microsoft has recognized this need and answered - [Opening a command prompt during Setup](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/opening-a-command-prompt-during-setup/) - You can open a command prompt during Setup if you need to, here's how. If you're installing Vista on a machine and you need to open a command prompt during setup, just press Shift+F10. This is useful if you need to do advanced disk management tasks while installing, for example to revert a dynamic partition - [Replacing your Vista System Drive](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/replacing-your-vista-system-drive/) - You can use CompletePC Backup to replace your system drive with a larger drive if needed. Say the system drive on your Vista computer is running out of space, and you’ve run Disk Cleanup but you’re still running short. What can you do? Replace your system drive with a larger hard drive! First, add a - [Disk Cleanup in Windows Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/disk-cleanup-in-windows-vista/) - Windows Vista is just like any other operating system in that it uses a whole variety of temporary storage that must be cleaned occasionally. Here is how to do it. Windows Vista is just like any other operating system in that it uses a whole variety of temporary storage that must be cleaned occasionally. Luckily, - [Robocopy in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/robocopy-vista/) - Robocopy is now part of Windows Vista Will wonders ever cease? The more you play around with Windows Vista, the more cool things you discover about it. For instance, I just discovered that robocopy, that terrific file copying tool that beats xcopy by a mile is actually included in-box in Vista! Previously you had to - [Disabling File and Folder Compression](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/disabling-file-and-folder-compression/) - How to disable file/folder compression on Windows Vista. File and folder compression allows you to store more data on NTFS volumes, but it also adds some processor overhead to your machine. That’s because Windows has to decompress the compressed files and folders when you open them, and recompress them when you close them.On Windows Vista - [Vista command line tips](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/vista-command-line-tips/) - Two tips for using the command line in Vista. When browsing through your folders using Explorer, you may sometimes want to open a command line window that has your selected folder as its current directory. Vista makes this easy, just right-click on the folder while holding down the Shift key and you'll see a new - [Disable hibernation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/disable-hibernation/) - How to disable hibernation in Vista. In Windows XP you can disable hibernation by doing the following: 1. Open Power Options in Control Panel 2. Select the Hibernate tab 3. Clear the checkbox for enabling hibernation This doesn't work in Vista however because the GUI for Power Options has changed and doesn't offer the ability - [Where's the Run Box?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/wheres-the-run-box/) - How to quickly run programs in Vista. Getting used to a new version of Windows can be a headache. In particular, I'm used to starting many programs from the Run box, which in Windows XP is accessed by Start --> Run. So where's the Run box in Vista? Well, first off, you can simply type - [Free up disk space](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/free-up-disk-space/) - How to free up disk space used by System Protection in Windows Vista. Windows Vista's System Protection feature can eat up a lot of disk space on your system, and while it's supposed to return space to you if you need it, if you find yourself running low on space you can free space up - [NAP Client state – Three ways to check the state.](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/nap-client-state-three-ways-to-check-state/) - This article discusses the three ways to check the NAP state on a client computer running Windows Vista and Windows XP with SP3. NAP or Network Access Protection is a Server Component running on the Windows Server 2008 machine. Client component runs on Windows Vista and Windows XP with SP3. A NAP client can be - [Changing Remote Desktop Port](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/changing-remote-desktop-port/) - Changing the listening and connecting port for Windows Remote Desktop Connection. The default port that the Windows Remote Desktop Connection program listens on is 3389. However, you can change to any port you wish; maybe you find public networks block everything except port 80 and 433 (in which you could set it to 433) or - [Securely transfer data between Vista machines](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/securely-transfer-data-between-vista-machines/) - How to securely transfer data between Vista machines You have two Windows Vista computers, in different locations, and you need to securely transfer a large amount of data from one to the other. What's the best way of doing this?Use IPSec to create a point-to-point tunnel that encrypts data transferred through it. This is really - [Getting past the size limit for roaming profiles](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/getting-past-the-size-limit-for-roaming-profiles/) - How to enable really big roaming user profiles if needed i.e. roam a lot of stuff. A Group Policy setting found at User Configuration\Administrative Templates\System\User Profiles\Limit Profile Size can be used to limit the size of roaming user profiles, but this setting has a hard-coded maximum of 30MB. What if you need to allow roaming - [Identifying IPv6 Link Local Addresses](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/identifying-ipv6-link-local-addresses/) - How to identify IPv6 Link Local Addresses It's important to start learning how to identify IPv6 addresses if you want to be able to troubleshoot network connectivity issues on IPv6 networks, and this is especially important as IPv4 to IPv6 migrations accelerate in different parts of the world. One common type of IPv6 address is - [Identifying the IPv6 Loopback Address](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/identifying-ipv6-loopback-address/) - How to identify the IPv6 Loopback Address All network administrators are familiar with IPv4, but as IPv6 migrations pick up in different parts of the world, the need for administrators to become familiar with IPv6 becomes important. One familiar address in IPv4 is the loopback address, which is typically used for testing whether your network - [Watching for network activity](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/watching-for-network-activity/) - How to watch for network activity in Vista. In Windows XP, you can add a Local Area Connection network icon to your system tray so you can watch network activity. This icon consists of two small monitors, with the top one blinking when packets are received, the bottom when packets are sent, and both when - [Replacing the motherboard on a Vista computer that has BitLocker enabled.](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/replacing-the-motherboard-on-a-vista-computer-that-has-bitlocker-enabled/) - How to replace the motherboard on a Vista computer that has BitLocker enabled without losing access to your operating system and data. Say you have a laptop running Vista that has BitLocker enabled, and your motherboard needs to be replaced. What should you do to avoid getting locked out from your OS and data on - [Disabling File and Folder Encryption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/disabling-file-and-folder-encryption/) - How to disable file/folder encryption on Windows Vista. The Encrypting File System (EFS) allows you to secure data on NTFS volumes, but it also adds some processor overhead to your machine and can affect the performance of some applications, particularly SQL Server. On Windows Vista and later, you can prevent users from encrypting their files - [Locking down USB devices in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/locking-down-usb-devices-in-vista/) - Locking down USB devices in Vista for greater security If you want to prevent users from connecting USB key drives to their machines and copying sensitive company information onto them, you can always pour glue in the USB ports on these machines, but that's a drastic measure. But if you're upgrading your desktops to Vista, - [Disabling UAC](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/disabling-uac-2/) - How to disable the UAC feature in Vista. Are you tired of those User Account Control (UAC) prompts that appear whenever you're trying to run some admin tool on your Vista computer? They appear even if you're user account is a member of the Administrators group on your machine. That's because Protected Admins (PAs) normally - [Replacing your Vista System Drive](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/replacing-your-vista-system-drive-2/) - You can use CompletePC Backup to replace your system drive with a larger drive if needed. Say the system drive on your Vista computer is running out of space, and you’ve run Disk Cleanup but you’re still running short. What can you do? Replace your system drive with a larger hard drive! First, add a - [Replacing the motherboard on a Vista computer that has BitLocker enabled.](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/replacing-the-motherboard-on-a-vista-computer-that-has-bitlocker-enabled-2/) - How to replace the motherboard on a Vista computer that has BitLocker enabled without losing access to your operating system and data. Say you have a laptop running Vista that has BitLocker enabled, and your motherboard needs to be replaced. What should you do to avoid getting locked out from your OS and data on - [Troubleshooting Vista Installs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/troubleshooting-vista-installs-2/) - How to troubleshoot Vista installs using Setup logs. If you had problems installing Vista on a system, you can troubleshoot by checking the various log files Vista creates during Setup. Here’s a quick summary of each Setup log including its location and function: $windows.~bt\sources\panther – used during the Windows PE phase $windows.~bt\sources\rollback – same as - [Error Capturing Image of Reference Computer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/error-capturing-image-of-reference-computer/) - How to resolve an error that may occur when capturing an image using imagex.exe Say you’re planning on deploying Windows Vista and you’ve prepped your reference computer and are ready to capture its image. You try using the following command: imagex.exe /compress fast /capture c: c:\image_name.wim “Blah” /verify Then you get the following error: “Windows - [Troubleshooting Windows Update Issues with Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/troubleshooting-windows-update-issues-with-vista/) - Two log files you can use to try and troubleshoot problems installing updates onto Windows Vista. If you are having problems getting certain updates installed on Vista, there are two places you can look to troubleshoot: %windir%\windowsupdate.log, a log file for Windows Update events %windir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log, a log file that tracks events to the servicing stack - [More Sysprep Errors with Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/more-sysprep-errors-with-vista-2/) - Resolving other errors that can occur when sysprepping a Vista computer. If you try to sysprep a Vista reference system and get this error: ”A fatal error occurred while trying to sysprep the machine.” then you should check your Setupact.log file and see if you can find the following line: 0x80070020 / ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION If this - [Sysprep Error with Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/sysprep-error-with-vista-2/) - Resolving an error that can occur when sysprepping a Vista computer If you try and run sysprep.exe /oobe /generalize /shutdown on a Vista reference system and get the following error message: “System Preparation Tool has stopped working A problem caused the program to stop working correctly. Windows will close the program and notify you if - [Creating a New User Profile in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/creating-a-new-user-profile-in-vista/) - How to repair a lost or corrupted user profile in Vista. If you see a balloon when you log on to a Vista machine that shows the following error message: then you have a problem as your user profile has either been deleted or has become corrupted. To resolve this issue, do the following:Rename the - [Troubleshooting Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/troubleshooting-group-policy/) - [Identifying IPv6 Link Local Addresses](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/identifying-ipv6-link-local-addresses-2/) - How to identify IPv6 Link Local Addresses It's important to start learning how to identify IPv6 addresses if you want to be able to troubleshoot network connectivity issues on IPv6 networks, and this is especially important as IPv4 to IPv6 migrations accelerate in different parts of the world. One common type of IPv6 address is - [Identifying the IPv6 Loopback Address](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/identifying-ipv6-loopback-address-2/) - How to identify the IPv6 Loopback Address All network administrators are familiar with IPv4, but as IPv6 migrations pick up in different parts of the world, the need for administrators to become familiar with IPv6 becomes important. One familiar address in IPv4 is the loopback address, which is typically used for testing whether your network - [Changing the Remote Desktop Port](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/changing-the-remote-desktop-port/) - Changing the listening and connecting port for Windows Remote Desktop Connection. The default port that the Windows Remote Desktop Connection program listens on is 3389. However, you can change to any port you wish; maybe you find public networks block everything except port 80 and 433 (in which you could set it to 433) - [Removing the Hand from Icons of Shared Folders](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/removing-the-hand-from-icons-of-shared-folders/) - How to prevent the hand from appearing on the icons of shared resources. As you probably know, a hand appears on the icons of folders and drives you share on your network. However, if you don’t want people knowing what you’re sharing (or the hand just bothers you), you can remove the hand from the - [Customizing Send To](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/customizing-send-to/) - How to customize the Send To menu in Vista. A useful trick in Vista is being able to right-click on an item, select Send To, and then send the item to your Documents folder, a mail recipient, a USB drive, and so on. One thing I'd like to do however is be able to send - [Dual-boot x86 and x64 Windows](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/dual-boot-x86-and-x64-windows/) - How to properly install a system to dual boot to x86 and x64 Windows Can you configure a machine to dual-boot x86 or x64 Windows? Sure, if you use suitable hardware (like AMD64) and install the platforms properly. Specifically, you should do the following: 1. Create three partitions: a small one for the boot files, - [Autologon and wireless networks](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/autologon-and-wireless-networks/) - Possible issues when using autologon on wireless networks. When you configure autologon on machines that use wireless networks, you might end up with machines that can't connect to your network. The reason is that autologon usually happens faster than a manual logon, while the extra few seconds spent typing in a password manually provides enough - [Fixing HAL Issues](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/fixing-hal-issues/) - How to troubleshoot "HAL.DLL is missing or corrupt" messages. If you perform some serious upgrading of hardware on your Windows XP computer and try starting it, you may be presented with the dreaded "HAL.DLL is missing or corrupt" error message. If so, don't despair—there's a process you can follow to try and fix things. Here's - [Can't shut down from command line](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/cant-shut-down-from-command-line/) - How to resolve a problem when using the shutdown.exe command when logged on with non-admin credentials. If you have a Windows XP desktop computer and you try to shut down your machine from the command-line by typing shutdown -s then you may get the following result in response to this command: The operation completed successfully. - [Improve XP start time](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/improve-xp-start-time/) - Speed XP startup by removing unneeded autostart programs. If your company gets their desktop computers from a big vendor like Dell, you may find that you have a lot of unneeded autostart programs on your desktops. By removing unneeded autostart programs (programs that start automatically when Windows boots) you can improve the startup time for - [Eliminating the Welcome Screen](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/eliminating-welcome-screen/) - How to prevent the Welcome screen from running when your users turn on their OEM-supplied XP boxes for the first time. If your company buys OEM boxes with Windows XP from vendors like Dell, you may be frustrated by the fact that when users turn on their machines for the first time the Windows Welcome - [Windows XP setup disks for floppy boot install](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/windows-xp-setup-disks-for-floppy-boot-install/) - Don't have a bootable CD or its not working? Need to download the bootable installation disks for installing XP? Windows® XP Home Edition Windows® XP Professional Edition - [Pre-configuring local group policy settings](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/pre-configuring-local-group-policy-settings/) - How to preconfigure LGPOs on multiple machines. Using the GPMC, you can expert Group Policy settings from one machine and import them into another. But you can’t import domain GPOs into a local GPO (LGPO). If you need to pre-configure LGPO settings on a machine, the best way to do this is to insert your - [Using the Default Users profile](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/using-default-users-profile/) - How to customize the Default Users profile. Want to customize the desktop experience for any user who logs onto a computer? Customize the Default User user profile on the machine, which is found in C:\Documents and Settings\Default User. When a user logs onto a Windows computer for the first time, the machine first checks the - [Eliminating the Welcome Screen](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/eliminating-welcome-screen-2/) - How to prevent the Welcome screen from running when your users turn on their OEM-supplied XP boxes for the first time. If your company buys OEM boxes with Windows XP from vendors like Dell, you may be frustrated by the fact that when users turn on their machines for the first time the Windows Welcome - [Use Shortcuts To Navigate Explorer Folders](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/use-shortcuts-navigate-explorer-folders/) - Windows Explorer is a fairly functional tool for browsing files and folders and finding what you are looking for. But, depending on how large and how organized your hard drive is, it may take some time to sift through to the folder you really want. Using command line parameters, you can create desktop shortcuts that - [Control Windows XP Transition Effects for Menus and Windows](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/control-windows-xp-transition-effects-menus-windows/) - Windows 2000 and Windows XP have thrown on lots of transition effects in its menus and windows. If you have a really good video card, no problem. In fact its really neat. But for a long time, my home PC sucked! If you want to get maximum performance without the flash, or if you want - [Microsoft PowerToys for Windows XP / TweakUI for XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/microsoft-powertoys-for-windows-xp-tweakui-for-xp/) - Microsoft has finally released the XP version of the Powertoys . The tools include: Super-Fast User Switcher With this PowerToy you can switch between users without having to go through the Logon screen. Open Command Window Here This PowerToy adds an "Open Command Window Here" context menu option on file system folders, giving you a - [Put Admin tools on Start Menu](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/put-admin-tools-on-start-menu/) - To access the local administrative utilities, you need to: Click Start Click Control Panel You can switch from the new XP view to the classic NT view using left panel Switch to category view Click Administrative Tools If you access Admin tools often, you can make the tools available from the Start Menu directly: Right-Click - [Speedup Windows XP workstation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/speedup-windows-xp-workstation/) - Windows XP gives you the ability to twiddle with more performance issue that previous Microsoft OSs. Open Performance panel in Control Panel XP Control Panel view Click Start Open Control Panel Select the Performance And Maintenance category Click System icon to open the System Properties dialog box Select the Advanced tab Click the Settings button - [Create Lock Desktop Icon](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/create-lock-desktop-icon/) - You can lock the Windows 2000 or XP desktop with a click of an icon. Create a shortcut icon on the desktop to run the following command: rundll32.exe user32.dll,LockWorkStation Rundll32.exe is an application included with Windows that executes functions in dynamic link libraries (DLLs). Most applications (and Windows) use DLLs to share code between multiple - [Put XP Start menu icons on the Desktop](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/put-xp-start-menu-icons-on-the-desktop/) - Want My Computer or My Docutments icons back on the desktop rather than on the Start menu? You can control whether they display using the Control Panel: Double-click Display icon On the Desktop tap: Click Customize Desktop button On the General tap, you can select to display on the Desktop one or more of - [Control Windows 2000 / XP Transition Effects for Menus and Windows](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/control-windows-2000-xp-transition-effects-menus-windows/) - Windows 2000 and Windows XP have thrown on lots of transition effects in its menus and windows. If you have a really good video card, no problem. In fact its really neat. But for a long time, my home PC sucked! If you want to get maximum performance without the flash, or if you want - [Remove Unused Drivers and Devices](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/remove-unused-drivers-devices/) - If you remove a piece of hardware, particularly USB devices that may be frequently swapped out, without first Uninstalling it in Device Manager, the drivers remain behind, but the device no longer shows up in Device Manager by default. Plug and Play, when it works, makes life simpler by automatically detecting and configuring new hardware - [Disable Windows Scripting Host WSH](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/disable-windows-scripting-host-wsh/) - The majority of viruses recently have been email-based. They are often written in VBScript which is a scripting language used to automate tasks without user intervention (or perhaps, one even knowing the script is running). Microsoft built the Windows Scripting Host (WSH) as an application to run vbscript programs. It ships as an integral part - [Disable CD autoplay in Windows XP Pro](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/disable-cd-autoplay-in-windows-xp-pro/) - It is safest to disable CD autoplay in XP using either local group policy or, for an enterprise, an Active Directory group policy. The local group policy editor method: Click Start Click Run Enter GPEDIT.MSC Group Policy mmc will popup. On left panel: Double-click Computer Configuration to open submenu Double-click Administrative Templates to open submenu - [Disable CD autoplay in Windows XP Home](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/disable-cd-autoplay-windows-xp-home/) - To disable the CD autoplay feature, use the following Windows XP registry hack: Hive: HKEY_CURRENT_USER Key: SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\Explorer Name: NoDriveTypeAutoRun Type: REG_DWORD Value: 181 hex 0x0b5 - [Enabling the NumLock Key](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/enabling-the-numlock-key/) - You can control whether the NumLock key is automatically on or off at logon using the following Windows NT / Windows 2000 / Windows XP registry hack: Hive: HKEY_CURRENT_USER Key: Control Panel\Keyboard Name: InitialKeyboardIndicators Type: REG_DWORD Value: 0 NumLock disabled for current user after logging on Value: 2 NumLock enabled and will retain the settings - [Make Notepad Wordwrap](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/make-notepad-wordwrap/) - By default, Notepad will allow you to enter text and not wrap when the screen is full, it will scroll right instead. To make it wordwrap Hive: HKEY_CURRENT_USER Key: SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Notepad Name: fWrap Type: REG_DWORD Value: 1 word wrap XP lets you set wordwrap without having to resort to a registry hack. Within Notepad click Format, - [Configure Notepad to automatically insert the date / time](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/configure-notepad-to-automatically-insert-the-date-time/) - Notepad's major advantage as an editor is its default presense on every windows box, Win9x, Windows NT, ME, Windows XP. Its universal windows presence is analogous to VI for unix. Like vi, a common use for Notepad is creating log files or journal files. You can easily insert the current time and date into Notepad - [Listing inbox printer drivers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/listing-inbox-printer-drivers/) - How to list all supported printers for Windows XP. If you want to check whether a certain printer has an inbox driver for Windows Server 2003, you could try installing it. On the other hand, it would be nice to be able to determine ahead of time whether the driver for the printer is included - [Remove Unused Drivers and Devices](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/remove-unused-drivers-devices-2/) - If you remove a piece of hardware, particularly USB devices that may be frequently swapped out, without first Uninstalling it in Device Manager, the drivers remain behind, but the device no longer shows up in Device Manager by default. Plug and Play, when it works, makes life simpler by automatically detecting and configuring new hardware - [Prevent Ordinary Users From Installing Devices](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/prevent-ordinary-users-from-installing-devices/) - Enhance security by preventing ordinary users from being able to install devices. Normally in Windows 2000/XP only administrators have sufficient rights to install new hardware on a machine, but PnP provides a way around that in some cases. This is because there are two ways in which PnP can install new hardware: server- or client-side - [Device Driver Rollback in XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/device-driver-rollback-in-xp/) - A significant enhancement over Windowns NT and Windows 2000 is XP's Device Driver Rollback which gives one the option to quickly go back to a previous version of a device driver if the updated driver causes problems. You know how much an improvement this is IF you have spent several hours restoring after a BSOD - [Kiosk Computers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/kiosk-computers/) - How to set up a computer as a kiosk for web browsing. A kiosk computer is a computer that's in a public place and is used for limited purposes such as browsing the web and checking webmail. You can easily set up a simple kiosk computer by doing the following: Open Registry editor and navigate - [Using Windows Explorer as Admin](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/using-windows-explorer-as-admin/) - In a previous tip I showed how you can open Internet Explorer by using the batch file e.bat from a command line... In a previous tip I showed how you can open Internet Explorer by using the batch file e.bat from a command line. For example, to open the site www.mycomputeraid.com you could type the - [Running IE from the command line](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/running-ie-from-the-command-line/) - Here's a simple way you can run Internet Explorer from the command line... Here's a simple way you can run Internet Explorer from the command line: Create a new text file that contains the following line: @start "" /b "C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" %* Rename the file e.bat Copy this file to your profile folder C:\Documents - [Adding Pop-Up Blocker Exceptions via GPO](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/adding-pop-up-blocker-exceptions-via-gpo/) - Occasionally there are sites that we as domain administrators need to allow pop-ups for across the board. This tip shows how to do this with Group Policy. We recently began using a new web based information warehousing application that utilized a large quantity of pop-ups to display particular units of information. As you can imagine, - [Use Shortcuts To Navigate Explorer Folders](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/use-shortcuts-to-navigate-explorer-folders-2/) - Windows Explorer is a fairly functional tool for browsing files and folders and finding what you are looking for. But, depending on how large and how organized your hard drive is, it may take some time to sift through to the folder you really want. Using command line parameters, you can create desktop shortcuts that - [Configure and Maintain AutoComplete](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/configure-and-maintain-autocomplete/) - Microsoft Internet Explorer offers the AutoComplete feature to remember past entries and automatically pre-populate fields as you type to save you some time and effort. You may find it quite convenient, but having AutoComplete remember username or password information can pose a security risk. Internet Explorer has a built-in feature designed to make your web-browsing - [Repair XP's IE](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/repair-xps-ie/) - Windows XP comes with Internet Explorer 6. Microsoft has made IE part of the core operating system. If you think IE is screwed up, and want to repair it, you must use the sfc command: Sfc /scannow which will scan and restore protected system files (which IE is). If this does not work, check out - [Open a command prompt in any folder using Windows Explorer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/open-command-prompt-any-folder-using-windows-explorer/) - I find the command prompt very productive. I want to be able to use Windows Explorer to navigate anywhere on the box and then by right clicking a folder, have a command shell open up in that folder. The following registry hack gives you that capabiltiy in Windows 2000 / Windows XP / Windows Server - [Online Support Site for Internet Explorer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/online-support-site-for-internet-explorer/) - Under Internet Explorer help menu, there is an option Online Support which has defaults to Microsoft's internet site. If you do not allow internet access from within the corporation or want the link to go to a site of your choice, you can set the Online Support to any URL using following registy hack: Hive: - [Set Explorer to open unknown files with Notepad](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/set-explorer-to-open-unknown-files-with-notepad/) - Cut and paste the following script into notepadunknown.reg and run it. REGEDIT4 BLANK LINE GOES HERE [HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Unknown\shell\Open\Command] @="notepad.exe %1" BLANK LINE GOES HERE This should work for all versions of Windows. See .REG files for background information on .REG files. - [Explorer crashes and screen blank](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/explorer-crashes-and-screen-blank/) - When explorer under Windows NT / Windows 2000 / Windows XP crashes, you will wind up with a blank screen with no Start button, no desktop icons, and sometimes no taskbar. No big deal. You can resolve it with a reboot. But what if you if you don't want to lose your work? I have - [Changing the Remote Desktop Port](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/changing-remote-desktop-port-2/) - Changing the listening and connecting port for Windows Remote Desktop Connection. The default port that the Windows Remote Desktop Connection program listens on is 3389. However, you can change to any port you wish; maybe you find public networks block everything except port 80 and 433 (in which you could set it to 433) or - [Tweaking DSL Speed MTU Size Setting in Windows XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/tweaking-dsl-speed-mtu-size-setting-windows-xp/) - How to change the MTU size for PPPoE connections. The default Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) size for PPPoE (DSL) connections in Windows XP is typically set to 1,480 or 1,490 bytes. However if find you can’t browse some Web sites or send e-mail messages with attachments, your DSL connection may work better with a slightly - [Forcing a remote logoff](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/forcing-remote-logoff/) - How to force a user to log off of a remote machine Bob logs onto his workstation and you (who are on another workstation) want to force Bob to log off. How can you do that? You could do it using Computer Management. Open Computer Management on your machine and connect to Bob's computer, then - [Autologon and wireless networks](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/autologon-and-wireless-networks-2/) - Possible issues when using autologon on wireless networks. When you configure autologon on machines that use wireless networks, you might end up with machines that can't connect to your network. The reason is that autologon usually happens faster than a manual logon, while the extra few seconds spent typing in a password manually provides enough - [Editing the DNS Root Hints Files](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/editing-the-dns-root-hints-files/) - DNS Root Hints are essential for the location of records that takes place during DNS recursion. Here are a couple of quick tips regarding DNS Root Hints. In order for DNS server recursion to work properly, the DNS server needs to know where to begin looking for names in the DNS namespace. This information is - [Missing Delegation tab](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/missing-delegation-tab/) - Why the Delegation tab might be missing. To enable a remote Windows Server 2003 server for EFS file encryption, you need to right-click the remote server in Active Directory Users and Computers, select Properties, select the Delegation tab, and enable the Trust this computer for delegation to specified services only option. At least, these are - [Finding schema differences](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/finding-schema-differences/) - How to find schema differences between two forests. Here's an interesting issue one consultant told me about. He had heard that a company wanted to migrate some user and computer accounts from one Active Directory forest to another forest. So far so good, right? But the original (first) forest had had some modifications made to - [Dumping group memberships](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/dumping-group-memberships/) - A useful tool for dumping groups and membership info. Unfortunately there's no built-in tool in Windows Server 2003 that can let you dump all groups and their membership from Active Directory, though there are a few older Resource Kit tools you can fiddle with to do this e.g. showmbrs.exe, addusrs.exe and so on. - [Port 445 and trust creation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/port-445-trust-creation/) - How port 445 is used in trust creation In order to create a trust between two domains, you need to have TCP port 445 (the Microsoft SMB port) open on both sides. Having open ports though (especially for SMB traffic) is an invitation to attacks by worms and other malware, so the few ports you - [Using AGPM for Advanced Group Policy Delegation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-agpm-advanced-group-policy-delegation/) - Microsoft’s AGPM tool is a great way to have an extra layer of security when managing group policy on your network. The Advanced Group Policy Management (AGPM) tool from Microsoft is a great new tool that goes well beyond the abilities of the traditionally used Group Policy Management Console (GPMC). One of the strengths of - [Change Management Using AGPM](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/change-management-using-agpm/) - Keeping track of Group Policy changes can be a daunting task if done manually. Luckily, Microsoft’s AGPM utility makes this process a whole lot easier. The Advanced Group Policy Management (AGPM) tool from Microsoft is a great new tool that goes well beyond the abilities of the traditionally used Group Policy Management Console (GPMC). One - [Enabling Windows Firewall on domain controllers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enabling-windows-firewall-domain-controllers/) - Steps for enabling WF on domain controllers. You can enable Windows Firewall on your domain controllers for enhanced security, but you need to do it right, otherwise problems can arise such as not being able to join client machines to your domain. Here's how you need to configure Windows Firewall on a domain controller: Enable - [Identifying Unused Accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/identifying-unused-accounts/) - How to identify unused user accounts. A company I know wanted to identify any user accounts belonging to users who had not logged onto the network for an extended period of time. After discussing several options, they came up with the following solution: use the DSQUERY computer -inactive NumberOfWeeks command to identify all machines that - [Schema vs. Enterprise vs. Domain Admin](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/schema-vs-enterprise-vs-domain-admin/) - Domain admins can basically do anything, anywhere in the forest. You have to choose who will be your domain admins very carefully, even in a multi-domain environment. That’s because there are exploits that can enable Domain Admins to make themselves into Enterprise Admins or even Schema Admins! And this works even if you are a - [Exempting User Accounts from Domain Password Policies](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/exempting-user-accounts-domain-password-policies/) - There's one exemption to how domain password policies are applied. In an Active Directory environment, password policies for users accounts are determined by the Group Policy settings found under Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security Settings\Account Policies\Password Policy. These policy settings (there are six of them) apply uniformly to all users in the domain. In other words, you - [Preventing Orphaned GPO’s](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/preventing-orphaned-gpo/) - When you remove a computer from a domain there are a few steps you should take to ensure that its GPO settings are removed properly as well. There are various different reasons why you might want to remove a computer from a domain within your network. Regardless of the reason, you have to be careful - [Forcing Group Policy to Run at Startup](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/forcing-group-policy-run-startup/) - Group policy can be quirky in the way it runs at startup, often taking two or three reboots before it actually applies to a machine. Here we are going to look at the cause of this and how to fix it. If you have ever done any work with group policy you may notice that - [Group Membership in Multi-Forest Scenarios](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-membership-multi-forest-scenarios/) - Clearing up uncertainty around some Microsoft documentation on how groups can be nested. If your organization has deployed Active Directory in a multi-forest scenario (for example through a merger or acquisition with another company) and you need to add users or groups in one forest to a group in the other forest, the group in - [Active Directory replication in a multilingual environment](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/active-directory-replication-multilingual-environment/) - Active Directory replication in a multilingual environment If you have a large organization and plan on deploying a single Active Directory domain in a multilingual environment (for example, a single domain that spans national geographical boundaries) then you might be wondering how this could impact Active Directory replication. For example, what if you have one - [Prevent saving to desktop](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/prevent-saving-desktop/) - How to prevent users from cluttering up their desktops with files. I don’t know about your company, but when I look at users’ desktops they are usually covered with files, shortcuts, and other junk. Why do they save stuff to their desktops instead of saving it in My Documents where it belongs? Who knows… But - [Disabling network configuration settings using Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-network-configuration-settings-using-group-policy/) - How to disable network configuration settings using Group Policy Ever wanted to do any of the following using Group Policy? Disable File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks Disable Client for Microsoft Networks Disable NetBIOS over TCPIP Well, you can’t do it using normal Group Policy settings, but you can do it as follows: Create - [Check for problems with GPOs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/check-problems-gpos/) - How to check for possible problems with your GPOs. Want to proactively check for problems with GPOs before they start affecting your environment? GPOs can become unlinked, corrupted, and misbehave in various ways, so here are a few things you can do to check them: Run the script GetReportsForAllGPOs.wsf (found under C:\Program Files\GPMC\Scripts\ when you - [Comparing RSoP before and after](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/comparing-rsop-before-after/) - How to compare RSoP before and after making changes to your Group Policy infrastructure. Have you ever wanted to compare Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) information before and after making some change to your Group Policy infrastructure? There’s no simple way of doing this using the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC), but there is a - [Pre-staging computer accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/pre-staging-computer-accounts/) - How to ensure client computers are not left in an unmanaged state after joining a domain. When you join a Windows computer to a domain, by default the computer account for the computer gets placed into the Computers container. Unfortunately the Computers container is not an organizational unit (OU) so you can’t link a Group - [Group Policy in mixed environments](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-policy-in-mixed-environments/) - How to target Group Policy differently for different OSes. Ever had a need to push out Group Policy settings to one client platform but not to another? For example, say you have a mixed Windows XP/2000 desktop computer environment and you want your Windows XP machines to receive some policy but not your Windows 2000 - [How to remove unwanted local user accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-remove-unwanted-local-user-accounts/) - How to get rid of those pesky local user accounts on your workstations, or at least mitigate their unwanted presence. Say your network of Windows computers used to be a workgroup and you changed it to a domain. Now you have a bunch of workstations that can be accessed by both local user accounts (from - [Setting Up Disk Quotas with Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/setting-up-disk-quotas-group-policy/) - Setting up disk quotas manually is good for small networks but for larger ones group policy can make this a lot easier. The disk quotas feature in Windows 2003 Server is a great way to manage disk space. Getting this setup for a small network is usually a breeze, but with larger networks it can - [Get control of your severs using Startup/Shutdown Script](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/get-control-of-your-severs-using-startupshutdown-script/) - In many situations we need to reset the Local Administrator password and add Domain Admins to the Local Administrator group on a server or client machine without visiting each machine. If you don’t know the password and don’t have access to the severs, you can run this simple script as a Startup/Shutdown script in conjunction - [Forcing Active Directory Replication](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/forcing-active-directory-replication/) - There may be some instances where you need to force replication between active directory replication partners. Here I will show you one method of doing this. There may be some instances where you need to force replication between Active Directory replication partners. There are several ways that this can be accomplished. The method we are - [Authoritative vs. Non-Authoritative Restoration of Active Directory](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/authoritative-vs-non-authoritative-restoration-active-directory/) - It is the absolute worst case scenario possible; your domain controller has crashed. So what type of restore do you do? It is any network administrator’s worst nightmare; your domain controller has crashed. So where do you go from here? Well, hopefully you have been doing your backups properly. If that is the case you - [Default GPO Permissions](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/default-gpo-permissions/) - It is very important to assign appropriate permissions to every GPO you create. Here I list the default permissions given to a new GPO. I cannot stress enough how important it is to correctly set permissions for the Group Policy Objects you create. In this sense, it is very important that you know what permissions - [Increase file server performance](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/increase-file-server-performance/) - Don't use your domain controller as a file server--here's why. One simple way to get better file server performance is to make sure you use a separate server as your file server. In other words, don't use your domain controller as your file server. Why, you might ask. After all, domain controllers don't do all - [Why do we still need WINS?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/why-do-we-still-need-wins/) - Why do we still need WINS servers on AD networks? Why, in this age of Windows Server 2003 R2, is it *still* a good idea to run WINS servers on your Active Directory network? Doesn't AD use DNS for name resolution? Yes. Isn't NetBIOS obsolete? Yes. Do any applications still use NetBIOS? Unfortunately, yes! Some - [How to change membership in groups based on attributes of users in AD automatically](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-change-membership-groups-based-attributes-users-ad-automatically/) - If your company has a complicated structure, you may need to filter members of your security or distribution groups automatically based on changes to some attribute of users in Active Directory – let's say Department. If your company has a complicated structure, you may need to filter members of your security or distribution groups automatically - [Web-based AD management](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/web-based-ad-management/) - A web-based interface to Active Directory you should know about. If you're looking for a web-based tool for managing Active Directory as an alternative to the somtimes cumbersome MMC consoles included with Windows Server 2003, you might want to check out Phat Consulting's Directory Manager. You can use this tool to perform the usual AD - [Pruning Old Computer Accounts in AD](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/pruning-old-computer-accounts-ad/) - In large organizations the task of keeping Active Directory cleansed of inactive computer accounts can be daunting. Here are a few ways to ease the process. In large organizations the task of keeping Active Directory cleansed of inactive computer accounts can be daunting. Using the dsquery command we can easily find all of the computers - [Avoiding Legacy Built-in Groups](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/avoiding-legacy-built-in-groups/) - How you can avoid using legacy built-in groups to grant admin-level privileges. Microsoft documentation on this isn't clear, but built-in local groups like Account Operators, Server Operators, and others found in the Builtin container of Active Directory are legacy groups that are basically only there to maintain backward compatibility with Windows NT. If you want - [Who's logged on?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/whos-logged-on/) - How to tell who's currently logged on to an Active Directory domain. A frequently asked question concerning Active Directory-based networks is, How can I tell who is currently logged on to my network? Unfortunately Active Directory itself has no built-in functionality to determine this, but there's a free tool from Microsoft that can help in - [Configuring Wireless Security Settings via GPO](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configuring-wireless-security-settings-via-gpo/) - Using Group Policy wireless extensions you can more easily manage security and encryption settings for your networks wireless clients. Windows Server 2003 provides functionality via group policy to configure wireless settings for clients in your organization. These settings can only being configured from Active Directory Users and Computers or the Microsoft Group Policy Management Console - [Quick tips on troubleshooting FSMO roles](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/quick-tips-troubleshooting-fsmo-roles/) - Here are some tips on troubleshooting FSMO roles. Here are some tips on troubleshooting FSMO roles, presented in the form of a pop-quiz. See how you score on it, answers are at the bottom. 1. I can't add a new domain to my forest. Which FSMO role might be down? 2. I tried running adprep - [Using a Batch File for Resetting Domain Passwords](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-batch-file-resetting-domain-passwords/) - Occasionally someone in your organization will need to be able to reset passwords of others without having access to active directory. This can be achieved with a simple batch file… In some organizations the need may arise for a member of staff to be able to reset passwords for users without having to access the - [Avoiding Group Policy Bloat](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/avoiding-group-policy-bloat/) - How to save disk space on SYSVOL when you have lots of Group Policy Objects (GPOs) for your domain. Group Policy is a great tool for managing the configurations and security of your desktop computers, but in very large environments there can be some performance problems with it. Specifically, let's say you have a large - [Checking Local Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/checking-local-group-policy/) - There may be times when you want to check the Local Group Policy Settings on a desktop machine. While using the Group Policy Results Wizard is the simplest way to view the Group Policy settings that apply to a remote machine, there may be times when you want to check the Local Group Policy Settings - [When to use and not use universal group membership caching](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/when-to-use-not-use-universal-group-membership-caching/) - This tip explains when to use and not use universal group membership caching. Windows Server 2003 includes a new feature called universal group membership caching (UGMC) to locally cache a user's membership in universal groups on the domain controller authenticating the user. This can be useful in branch office scenarios where you don't want to - [More Grace Period for Restoring Active Directory](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/more-grace-period-restoring-active-directory/) - Watch those tombstones when restoring Active Directory from backup--but there's less worry if you have Service Pack 1 installed. It's well-known that you should never restore a backup copy of Active Directory older than the tombstone lifetime, which by default is 60 days. That's because after 60 days objects that have been deleted from AD - [When Delegation Doesn't Seem to Take](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/when-delegation-doesnt-seem-to-take/) - Sometimes you delegate a task to a user, and then later on they can't perform that task. Why? Delegation is a powerful feature of Active Directory that lets an administrator grant users and groups the permissions and rights needed to perform certain tasks. For example, you can delegate to a junior admin the ability to - [Avoid Overuse of Protected Groups](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/avoid-overuse-protected-groups/) - protected groups, user rights, PDC Emulator Protected groups are special built-in groups that are used to assign administrative rights to users. These groups include: Enterprise Admins Schema Admins Domain Admins Account Operators Sever Operators Backup Operators Print Operators and a few others. If you want to assign someone certain privileges on your server, you can - [Avoid Mapped Drives](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/avoid-mapped-drives/) - Why mapped drives can be a bad idea on today's networks. I usually recommend that people create mapped drives on XP desktop computers. Mapped drives were popular in Windows 3.x/9x days when networks were small and admins wanted to make it easy for users to find and save stuff on shared folders on a file - [Finding the Groups a User Belongs To](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/finding-groups-user-belongs-to/) - Here's a useful tool for troubleshooting permissions problems arising from membership in groups. If you find that permissions are not working properly for a user on some resource, it may be because of the groups the user belongs to. Access to shared resources is usually granted to groups, not users, so if you don't know - [A Common Misconception Regarding Security Logs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/common-misconception-regarding-security-logs/) - Do domain controllers share security logs? Domain controllers host Active Directory, which manages the security of your Windows-based networks. If you have several domain controllers in the same domain, Active Directory information is automatically replicated between them so that they all contain identical (except for replication delay) copies of Active Directory and therefore contain identical - [Find All Locked-Out Accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/find-all-locked-out-accounts/) - Use Saved Queries to quickly locate all locked out user accounts. You can use the Saved Queries feature of Windows Server 2003 to query Active Directory for any locked-out accounts. Just open the Active Directory Users and Computers console, right-click on Saved Queries in the console tree and select New --> Query. Type a name - [Troubleshooting Universal Group Caching](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-universal-group-caching/) - A tip on how to troubleshoot universal group caching if it doesn't seem to be working properly. If you experience problems with universal group caching you can enable error logging for this feature by configuring the following registry value: HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\NTDS\Diagnostics Group Caching Set this value to 5 to have full diagnostic information written to the - [Fast Searching of Active Directory](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/fast-searching-active-directory/) - Make life easier for your users by simplifying how they search for resources in Active Directory. It takes about half a dozen steps to search Active Directory using the Desktop Search Assistant on Windows XP. That's frustrating for most users. Fortunately you can make their life easier by creating a new shortcut on their desktops - [Enabling Caching of Universal Groups](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enabling-caching-of-universal-groups/) - How to enable caching of universal groups in Windows Server 2003 and why this is useful in branch office scenarios. Universal groups are a powerful feature of Active Directory in Windows 2000 or later as they can contain almost anything, including domain users, computers, global groups, and other universal groups from both the local domain - [Introduction to Windows Server 2003 Active Directory in Application Mode](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/introduction-windows-server-2003-active-directory-application-mode/) - 368 KB Microsoft Word file : white paper introduces a new capability in the Microsoft Active Directory service: Active Directory in Application Mode (AD/AM). - [Technical Overview of Windows Server 2003 Active Directory](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/technical-overview-of-windows-server-2003-active-directory/) - 250 KB Microsoft Word file : The Windows Server 2003 family makes Active Directory easier to manage, easing migration and deployment. - [Uninstalling WSUS](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/uninstalling-wsus/) - One common problem you may encounter with WSUS is when you go to uninstall it. WSUS has a nasty habit of simply not uninstalling correctly. Here is a quick way to remedy this. Windows Server Update Services is a really great idea for networks of virtually any size. However, you may run into situations where - [Missing Computers in the WSUS Console](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/missing-computers-wsus-console/) - One of the more frustrating problems I have run into when deploying WSUS is when computers simply do not show up in the console. Here is the most common solution to this problem. One of the most frustrating problems I have run into when installing WSUS was an installation in which most of the computers - [Simplifying Quota Management with Quota Templates](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/simplifying-quota-management-quota-templates/) - Disk Quotas are a great way to manage physical disk space, but managing them can become cumbersome. Quota templates are a good way to help with this If physical disk space is a concern on your network then setting disk quotas are a good way to manage how much space a particular user can utilize. - [Increasing Free Disk Space on the System Partition](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/increasing-free-disk-space-system-partition/) - When the system partition on your server gets full, and hardware upgrades aren’t an option, what are you going to do? Here are a few tips. One of the biggest mistakes I see system administrators make when setting up a new server is not providing adequate disk space for the system partition. A lot of - [Maximum size for Event logs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/maximum-size-event-logs/) - Maximum size for Event logs Although the Event Viewer UI in Windows Server 2003 lets you set the maximum size of an event log as 4 GB, in actual fact you should generally never exceed 300 MB for this setting. There are several reasons for this recommendation. First, Event Viewer wasn't designed to scale well - [Maximum number of services](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/maximum-number-services/) - How to see if you are hitting the limit for number of services on a server. There's no hard limit for the number of services running on a Windows Server 2003 machine. Instead, the number of services you can run is largely limited by the size of the heap. Once the heap gets exhausted, you - [Sysprep and networking components](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/sysprep-networking-components/) - How to properly deploy servers with pre-configured networking components Sysprep can be used to prepare Windows servers for image-based deployment, and IT shops who are planning on deploying servers to branch offices often use Sysprep and disk imaging tools for this purpose. Someone asked me once whether they could also pre-configure a server with networking - [Group Policy does what it says](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-policy-does-what-it-says/) - How to avoid getting tripped up by Group Policy settings. A customer I know wanted to block users from browsing the network, so they enabled the following two Group Policy settings found under User Configuration\Administrative Templates\Windows Components\Windows Explorer: No computers near me in my network places No entire network in my network places After doing - [Verifying the /3GB switch](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/verifying-3gb-switch/) - How to verify memory allocation when the /3GB switch is used. So you've got an Exchange Server 2003 machine and you've added /3GB /USERVA=3030 to the boot.ini file. How do you know that it's working? The simplest way is to query for the MaxProcessMemory size using WMI as follows: strComputer = "." Set objWMIService = - [Change Management Using AGPM](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/change-management-using-agpm-2/) - Keeping track of Group Policy changes can be a daunting task if done manually. Luckily, Microsoft’s AGPM utility makes this process a whole lot easier. The Advanced Group Policy Management (AGPM) tool from Microsoft is a great new tool that goes well beyond the abilities of the traditionally used Group Policy Management Console (GPMC). One - [Deploy WSUS Updates to a Workgroup](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/deploy-wsus-updates-workgroup/) - In some instances you may need to deploy updates with WSUS to a workgroup that is not a part of your domain. This can be done with a quick registry edit. WSUS and SUS are great ways of managing the deployment of operating system updates. This is a technology that a lot of the time - [Hitting the Partition Limit Causes Setup to Fail](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/hitting-partition-limit-causes-setup-fail/) - How hidden partitions can cause Setup to fail. We all know that Windows supports only four primary partitions per disk drive, but what you may not know is that this can affect installing Windows operating systems. For example, when you try and install Windows Server 2003 on a machine that already has four primary partitions - [Identifying Unused Accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/identifying-unused-accounts-2/) - How to identify unused user accounts. A company I know wanted to identify any user accounts belonging to users who had not logged onto the network for an extended period of time. After discussing several options, they came up with the following solution: use the DSQUERY computer -inactive NumberOfWeeks command to identify all machines that - [Exporting DNS zone information](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/exporting-dns-zone-information/) - How to expert your DNS zone info. For documentation, monitoring or troubleshooting reasons you sometimes might want to export the information in your DNS zone on your Windows Server 2003 DNS servers. You can do this easily using the dnscmd.exe command by typing either dnscmd /zoneexport or dnscmd /zoneprint at a command prompt on your - [Recovering from a lost domain controller](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/recovering-from-lost-domain-controller/) - How NOT to replace a dead domain controller. Say you’re a small company and you have a network with only one domain controller. Your domain controller goes down and you discover your backup is corrupted. Will the following recovery procedure work? Re-install Windows Server 2003 on your machine giving it the same computer name and - [Creating a GPO Naming Scheme](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/creating-gpo-naming-scheme/) - Group Policy Objects can be very confusing if you don’t keep track of them. Creating a naming scheme is a good way to do this. One thing I’ve noticed about Group Policy Objects is that once someone figures out how they work and what they can do for networks then they tend to create a - [Schema vs. Enterprise vs. Domain Admins](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/schema-vs-enterprise-vs-domain-admins/) - Domain admins can basically do anything, anywhere in the forest. You have to choose who will be your domain admins very carefully, even in a multi-domain environment. That’s because there are exploits that can enable Domain Admins to make themselves into Enterprise Admins or even Schema Admins! And this works even if you are a - [Exempting User Accounts from Domain Password Policies](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/exempting-user-accounts-from-domain-password-policies/) - There's one exemption to how domain password policies are applied. In an Active Directory environment, password policies for users accounts are determined by the Group Policy settings found under Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security Settings\Account Policies\Password Policy. These policy settings (there are six of them) apply uniformly to all users in the domain. In other words, you - [Detecting RAID controller cards during Setup](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/detecting-raid-controller-cards-during-setup/) - Troubleshooting USB floppy drive issues that cause text mode Setup to fail. Everyone is aware that if you need to install Windows Server 2003 on a server that has a hardware RAID controller card, you’ll need to press F6 during text mode Setup and supply the card’s driver on a floppy. But what if your - [Modifying ACLs from the command line](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/modifying-acls-from-command-line/) - Using a script to modify permissions. First there was cacls.exe, then xcacls.exe, then the dreaded and poorly-documented subinacl.exe. Each of these tools can be used in some fashion to view or modify access control lists (ACLs) i.e. permissions on files/folders on an NTFS volume. What you may not be aware of however is that Microsoft - [Monitoring Paging Activity](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/monitoring-paging-activity/) - Which performance counter to use to monitor hard page faults. Performance Monitor can be used to monitor all kinds of activities on Windows systems, but it can be tricky to figure out which counter you need to watch in order to look for a specific type of activity. For example, an administrator asked me why - [Prevent saving to desktop](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/prevent-saving-desktop-2/) - How to prevent users from cluttering up their desktops with files. I don’t know about your company, but when I look at users’ desktops they are usually covered with files, shortcuts, and other junk. Why do they save stuff to their desktops instead of saving it in My Documents where it belongs? Who knows… But - [Disabling network configuration settings using Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-network-configuration-settings-using-group-policy-2/) - How to disable network configuration settings using Group Policy Ever wanted to do any of the following using Group Policy? Disable File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks Disable Client for Microsoft Networks Disable NetBIOS over TCPIP Well, you can’t do it using normal Group Policy settings, but you can do it as follows: Create - [Check for problems with GPOs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/check-problems-with-gpos/) - How to check for possible problems with your GPOs. Want to proactively check for problems with GPOs before they start affecting your environment? GPOs can become unlinked, corrupted, and misbehave in various ways, so here are a few things you can do to check them: Run the script GetReportsForAllGPOs.wsf (found under C:\Program Files\GPMC\Scripts\ when you - [Comparing RSoP before and after](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/comparing-rsop-before-after-2/) - How to compare RSoP before and after making changes to your Group Policy infrastructure. Have you ever wanted to compare Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) information before and after making some change to your Group Policy infrastructure? There’s no simple way of doing this using the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC), but there is a - [Pre-staging computer accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/pre-staging-computer-accounts-2/) - How to ensure client computers are not left in an unmanaged state after joining a domain. When you join a Windows computer to a domain, by default the computer account for the computer gets placed into the Computers container. Unfortunately the Computers container is not an organizational unit (OU) so you can’t link a Group - [How to prevent users from installing software](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-prevent-users-from-installing-software/) - Preventing users from installing software. Users love to install stuff on their computers—I’m thinking Google toolbar, Yahoo toolbar, Skype and so on. Unfortunately many business don’t want users to be able to do this because if installing such software should destabilize their systems, support costs will escalate. What are some of the ways you can - [The Power with Power Users](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/the-power-with-power-users/) - The power users group is often misused and can lead to the compromise of a system. Here is why this can happen. The power users group is often used without knowledge of how much actual power it gives a user. With Power User privileges a person can modify certain computer-wide settings, create user accounts, install - [Setting Up Disk Quotas with Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/setting-up-disk-quotas-with-group-policy/) - Setting up disk quotas manually is good for small networks but for larger ones group policy can make this a lot easier. The disk quotas feature in Windows 2003 Server is a great way to manage disk space. Getting this setup for a small network is usually a breeze, but with larger networks it can - [Planning DHCP for Static Assignments](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/planning-dhcp-static-assignments/) - Implementing DHCP usually seems like a pretty straightforward process but there are a few things that are often forgotten during the planning phases of a DHCP implementation. Setting up DHCP is usually a pretty straightforward process; however, most network administrators don’t always think to plan for the future need for statically assigned IP addresses. In - [Assigning is Group Policy Software Installations](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/assigning-group-policy-software-installations/) - You are given the option of publishing or assigning software when you are doing a group policy based software installation. What is the difference? Installing software with group policy allows you to take a very large task and completely automate it. If you have ever done this, you will know that when you set up - [Reducing the Complexity of Group Policy Troubleshooting](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/reducing-complexity-group-policy-troubleshooting/) - The use of group policy can sometimes bring on unexpected problems. Here are a few tips you can use to reduce the complexity of troubleshooting these fiascos. Using Group Policy can bring a lot of added manageability to your network. However, as you begin to rely on Group Policy more and more it is inevitable - [Preventing Offline Files from Caching Certain Files](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/preventing-offline-files-from-caching-certain-files/) - Certain files can cause headaches for the offline file backup system. Using group policy we can all together exclude these files. The use of offline files can make working remotely all that much easier. This process copies files from a shared network location to a local computer, and visa versa. Obviously, the larger the files - [Forcing Offline File Synchronization](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/forcing-offline-file-synchronization/) - Here we look at how to manually synchronize offline files By design, the offline files synchronization feature happens when you log on to, or log off of a computer. There may arise a situation, such as during testing, where you need to manually force this synchronization. This can be done by navigating to the start - [Can’t Access Your Shadow Copies?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/cant-access-your-shadow-copies/) - If you are unable to access the configuration of the Volume Shadow Copy service remotely, there may be a good reason why. One of the great features of the Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) is that you can access this services configuration and the backups it creates without being interactively logged into the server it - [Naming printers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/naming-printers/) - Be careful naming your printers if you want to be able to manage them! Ever deployed a printer and then tried to open its properties from the print server and found the Security tab missing or some of the buttons on the property sheet not working? You may have given your new printer a name - [Size Requirements for the Volume Shadow Copy Service](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/size-requirements-volume-shadow-copy-service/) - The Volume Shadow Copy service is a great way to provide an added means of backing up your data. Here we will look at some of the space requirements you will need to plan for when implementing it. The Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) service is a great feature that allows for an added layer - [How to choose a tunneling protocol](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-to-choose-tunneling-protocol/) - Which tunneling protocol should you use for VPN? Virtual Private Networking in Microsoft Windows supports two tunneling protocols: L2TP and PPTP. Which VPN tunneling protocol should you use in which circumstance? Here's a quick guide: Use PPTP if your enterprise doesn't have a CA to issue computer certificates and if you need compatibility with VPN - [How to choose a VPN auth protocol](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-to-choose-vpn-auth-protocol/) - How do you decide which auth protocol to use on a VPN client? Virtual Private Networking in Microsoft Windows supports several authentication protocols including EAP-TLS, mS-CHAPv2, and others. Which VPN authentication protocol should you use in which circumstance? Here's a quick guide: Use EAP-TLS if your VPN clients need to use smart cards or if - [Troubleshooting Hung Services](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-hung-services/) - How to troubleshoot hung services. It can be tricky to determine when a misbehaving Windows service has hung and is no longer responding. That's because Windows services can be in one of several states: SERVICE_STOPPED SERVICE_STOP_PENDING SERVICE_START_PENDING SERVICE_RUNNING If a service has stopped, both the Services.msc console and the Net.exe command will report it as - [Displaying Services Not Running](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/displaying-services-not-running/) - How to display services not running. Here's a quick and accurate way of displaying all Windows services that are not currently running on your system using the sc query command: sc query type= service state= inactive Don't forget the spaces after the equals signs, they're required. If you only want to determine whether a single - [Finding Out Why a Service Won't Start](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/finding-out-why-service-wont-start/) - How to display service exit codes. If you want to know whether a particular Windows service started successfully when your machine booted up, you can use the sc query command to do this. Simply run the command sc query service_name and look for the WIN32_EXIT_CODE field in the output of the command. If this field - [Disabling Services in Recovery Console](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-services-recovery-console/) - How to disable services using Recovery Console If you're having problems starting your server after upgrading hardware in it, and you can't boot to Safe Mode, you may have to use the Recovery Console to gain access to your machine to repair it. This sometimes happens because of a bad driver or misconfigured service, and - [Enabling Services in Recovery Console](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enabling-services-recovery-console/) - How to enable a service using Recovery Console. If your server rebooted and now won't start properly, it's possible that a critical service or device driver on it has become disabled and is preventing Windows from starting. If you can't even boot into Safe Mode, try using running the Recovery Console off your product CD - [Process "Don't Kill List"](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/process-dont-kill-list/) - Processes you should avoid killing with Task Manager If you have a hung application on a system, you can of course use Task Manager to kill it. But be careful what you kill — some processes are critical to the operation of Windows and killing them can render your system unstable or even cause it - [Troubleshooting Startup Errors](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-startup-errors/) - How to troubleshoot an "invalid partition table" error Boot failures can be hard to troubleshoot. One particularly misleading error message you might see is "Invalid partition table—a disk read error occurred." This usually doesn't mean your partition table is corrupted however, what it usually means in fact is that you've installed a new disk into - [Troubleshooting Startup Problems](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-startup-problems/) - How to troubleshoot "missing or damaged system file" startup errors. Another boot failure problem that can be difficult to troubleshoot is when you try and start your system and you get a message about an operating system file that is "missing or damaged." Often this does not mean your disk is corrupt or the file - [Stop Errors and the System Log](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/stop-errors-and-system-log/) - How to troubleshoot stop errors using the system log. Usually when your system blue screens and you get a stop error, an event is written to your System log. This even is Event ID 1003 and has the event source System Error and it contains the error code and the four parameters from your start - [Enabling Remote Desktop Remotely](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enabling-remote-desktop-remotely/) - How to enable Remote Desktop Remotely Did you know you can use the Windows Management Instrumentation Console (WMIC) command line to remotely enable remote desktop on a Windows XP or later computer? To do this, open a command prompt and type wmic /node:server_name rdtoggle WHERE server_name="servername" CALL SetAllowTSConnections 1. - [Configure ABE on a clustered file server](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configure-abe-clustered-file-server/) - How to configure ABE on a clustered file server I've previously described how to use the new Access-Based Enumeration (ABE) feature of Windows Server 2003 R2, both in my article titled Implementing Access-Based Enumeration in Windows Server 2003 R2 here on WindowsNetworking.com and in several tips posted here recently by me. Here's one more tip - [Configure ABE from the command line](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configure-abe-from-command-line/) - How to configure ABE from the command line. Implementing Access-Based Enumeration (ABE) on your Windows Server 2003 R2 file servers can help protect the privacy of sensitive business documents stored on your network. In my article titled Implementing Access-Based Enumeration in Windows Server 2003 R2 here on WindowsNetworking.com, I explain how to download and install - [Custom Provider Creation in MOM](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/custom-provider-creation-mom/) - Sometimes we need to use custom providers to create MOM Rules. Here is an example of creating a custom provider to return free hard drive space information from drive H. Sometimes we need to use custom providers to create MOM Rules. Here is an example of creating a custom provider to return free hard drive - [Minimizing the performance hit from using ABE](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/minimizing-performance-hit-from-using-abe/) - How to minimize the performance hit from using ABE. If you plan on using Access-Based Enumeration (ABE) on your Windows Server 2003 R2 file servers, you need to be aware of its impact on performance. Because ABE hides the ability for users to see files and folders within a network share unless they have permissions - [Using a Script to Add a Domain User to a Local Group](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-a-script-to-add-a-domain-user-to-a-local-group/) - There are sometimes situations when you need to be able to script the process of adding a domain user to a local group on a machine. Here is a script that will do just that. I ran into a scenario recently where I needed to add a domain group to the local administrators group of - [Copying Profiles Using Sysprep](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/copying-profiles-using-sysprep/) - There is a feature that is recently new to Sysprep that can speed up your time and get rid of one of the larger headaches of using the tool. One of the things that has always frustrated me those most when using Sysprep on a machine is having to copy my working profile over to - [Things Not to Do When Implementing Roaming Profiles](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/things-not-to-do-when-implementing-roaming-profiles/) - Roaming profiles are very finicky when it comes to certain things. Here is a list of things NOT to do when implementing roaming profiles. Roaming profiles have a bad reputation of being extremely picky about choosing when to work correctly. There are a few things you want to make sure you don’t do when setting - [Listing your GPOs and GPO links](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/listing-your-gpos-and-gpo-links/) - How to list all your GPOs and their GPO links. A reader recently asked me whether there was a simple way in Windows Server 2003 to list all your GPOs and the containers (domains, sites, OUs) they are linked to. Well, there's no exact way of doing this out of the box, but there is - [Automating Disk Defragmentation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/automating-disk-defragmentation/) - Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 both include a new way to invoke the Windows defragmenter via the command line. This allows for easy automation of this task. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 both include a new way to invoke the Windows Defragmentation tool via the command line. This is different from prior versions - [Accessing Preference Mode Internet Explorer Setting in Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/accessing-preference-mode-internet-explorer-setting-group-policy/) - Group Policy contains many hidden jewels that are not always easy to find. Here we look at some advanced internet explorer settings that aren’t readily visible to the naked eye. Hidden deep within Group Policy there are many jewels that are not always easy to find. One of these jewels is the advanced or “preference - [Managing Microsoft Office Applications with Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/managing-microsoft-office-applications-with-group-policy/) - In organizations where Microsoft Office is commonplace on workstations, the ability to manage settings within those applications can come in handy. I will show you how we can manage those settings via Group Policy In organizations where Microsoft Office is commonplace on workstations, the ability to manage settings within the various office applications can come - [Web-based AD management](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/web-based-ad-management-2/) - A web-based interface to Active Directory you should know about. If you're looking for a web-based tool for managing Active Directory as an alternative to the somtimes cumbersome MMC consoles included with Windows Server 2003, you might want to check out Phat Consulting's Directory Manager. You can use this tool to perform the usual AD - [Preventing users from Modifying Group Policy Settings](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/preventing-users-from-modifying-group-policy-settings/) - How to prevent users from modifying Group Policy. Group Policy is the administrator's friend as it lets you lock down security, desktop and user settings on user's machines and for user accounts. Unfortuantely in some scenarios admins grant desktop users local admin privileges on their machines, either due to application compatibility issues or for specific - [Pruning Old Computer Accounts in AD](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/pruning-old-computer-accounts-ad-2/) - In large organizations the task of keeping Active Directory cleansed of inactive computer accounts can be daunting. Here are a few ways to ease the process. In large organizations the task of keeping Active Directory cleansed of inactive computer accounts can be daunting. Using the dsquery command we can easily find all of the computers - [Installing the Windows Server 2003 Network Monitor](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/installing-windows-server-2003-network-monitor/) - The Windows Server 2003 Network Monitor is a very useful tool for network monitoring and troubleshooting. Here is how to install it. The Windows Server 2003 Network Monitor serves as a free packet sniffing tool provided by Microsoft. It can prove as a very useful tool for network troubleshooting. This software comes as a basic - [Configuring Wireless Security Settings via GPO](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configuring-wireless-security-settings-via-gpo-2/) - [Using a Batch File for Resetting Domain Passwords](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-batch-file-for-resetting-domain-passwords/) - Occasionally someone in your organization will need to be able to reset passwords of others without having access to active directory. This can be achieved with a simple batch file… In some organizations the need may arise for a member of staff to be able to reset passwords for users without having to access the - [Configuring FTP user isolation with AD integration](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configuring-ftp-user-isolation-with-ad-integration/) - Great little tool for configuring FTP user isolation with AD integration. The FTP component of IIS6 in Windows Server 2003 lets you isolate the FTP home directories of users from each other so one user can't browse the contents of another user's home directory. In addition to the default No Isolation option, you can create - [Don't Bother Deleting C$](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/dont-bother-deleting-c/) - Why deleting the C$ share is not a good idea. Some admins like to delete the C$ share, the automatic hidden share of the system volume. This share is generally needed for remote administration and access is restricted to administators, but since it's potentially an open door into their systems some admins would rather it - [Using the Remote Desktop Client from the Command Prompt](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-remote-desktop-client-from-command-prompt/) - Running the remote desktop client from the command prompt can be very useful in the right situation. Here is how to do it… The Microsoft remote desktop client can be found in %systemroot%/system32/mstsc.exe. Running this program with no extensions will bring up the remote desktop connection program. However, mstsc.exe has a full set of switches - [Launching Control Panel Apps from the Command Line](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/launching-control-panel-apps-from-command-line/) - How to launch Control Panel apps from the command line In a previous tip I listed the .msc files for different admin tools so you could easily access them from the command line if needed. This can be particularly useful if you normally log on to your admin workstation using a limited account and use - [Launch Admin Tools from the Command Line](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/launch-admin-tools-from-command-line/) - This list of .msc files will help you run admin tools from the command line. Most admin tools in Windows Server 2003 are MMC consoles you can access from the Start menu. But you can also open these console from the command line if you know their .msc filenames. This can be especially useful if - [Group Policy and Dual-Purpose Computers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-policy-and-dual-purpose-computers/) - Use Group Policy to manage dual-use computers. Say you have some computers that are used by employees during daytime work hours and for training classes during evenings and weekends. How should you secure this environment using Group Policy? The simplest way is to try to exclusively use user policy settings for this purpose and not - [Caution with Default Domain Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/caution-with-default-domain-policy/) - Describes best practice for using the Default Domain Policy. Be careful when you configure the settings in the Default Domain Policy. Every setting you configure in this GPO applies to every user and computer account in the domain unless these settings are overwritten by other domain GPOs having higher precedence or by GPOs linked to - [Admin Command Console](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/admin-command-console/) - I run my main workstation as an ordinary domain user, but I frequently need to perform administrator tasks with it too... I run my main workstation as an ordinary domain user, but I frequently need to perform administrator tasks with it too. So here's what I do. I create a shortcut with the following target: - [Copying Group Policy Objects](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/copying-group-policy-objects/) - Save time when implementing Group Policy. If several OUs in your domain contain accounts that need to be locked down almost (but not quite) the same way, create a GPO and link it to the first OU and then configure the settings in the GPO. Then use the Group Policy Management Console to make additional - [Manage Shadow Copies on Client Machines](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/manage-shadow-copies-client-machines/) - Did you know you can manage shadow copies on the client side from the command line? While shadow copies can be enabled on a volume and previous versions accessed using the GUI, Windows Server 2003 also includes a command-line utility called vssadmin that can be used to manage shadow copies on the server side. But - [Find All Locked-Out Accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/find-all-locked-out-accounts-2/) - Use Saved Queries to quickly locate all locked out user accounts. You can use the Saved Queries feature of Windows Server 2003 to query Active Directory for any locked-out accounts. Just open the Active Directory Users and Computers console, right-click on Saved Queries in the console tree and select New --> Query. Type a name - [Avoiding Group Policy Bloat](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/avoiding-group-policy-bloat-2/) - How to save disk space on SYSVOL when you have lots of Group Policy Objects (GPOs) for your domain. Group Policy is a great tool for managing the configurations and security of your desktop computers, but in very large environments there can be some performance problems with it. Specifically, let's say you have a large - [When Delegation Doesn't Seem to Take](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/when-delegation-doesnt-seem-to-take-2/) - Sometimes you delegate a task to a user, and then later on they can't perform that task. Why? Delegation is a powerful feature of Active Directory that lets an administrator grant users and groups the permissions and rights needed to perform certain tasks. For example, you can delegate to a junior admin the ability to - [Transferring Ownership of Files: Good or Bad?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/transferring-ownership-files-good-or-bad/) - Windows Server 2003 lets you easily transfer ownership of files, but should you? Windows NT/2000 let you allow someone to ownership of a file you created but you couldn't give (assign) them ownership of the file. Windows Server 2003 changed this and the GUI now lets you assign ownership of a file to someone else - [Consolidating file servers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/consolidating-file-servers/) - Save money by consolidating your file servers. Server consolidation can improve your company's bottom line by reducing hardware and licensing costs and making better use of existing resources. If you have several file servers on your network, why not consolidate them onto a single machine? A good tool for consolidating Windows file servers is the - [Understanding Site Links](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/understanding-site-links/) - Site links can provide redundancy but not in the way you might think. A common misconception concerning Active Directory site links is that you can create two or more site links between the same pair of sites to ensure redundancy when a WAN link fails. For example, say your company headquarters is in Minneapolis and - [File server performance](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/file-server-performance/) - How to prevent Shadow Copies from becoming a bottleneck on file servers. Shadow Copies lets users recover previous versions of files they're working on. This can help reduce support calls like "Help! I need you to restore file X from backup!" So it's generally a good idea to enable Shadow Copies on Windows Server 2003 - [LDAP Search Tips](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/ldap-search-tips/) - Unleash the power of Saved Queries using this resource. A terrific source of tips on how to create LDAP search strings for querying Active Directory using the Saved Queries feature of Windows Server 2003 is ADO Search Tips. This site has a quick introduction to LDAP queries and gives a number of examples you can - [Troubleshooting Universal Group Caching](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-universal-group-caching-2/) - A tip on how to troubleshoot universal group caching if it doesn't seem to be working properly. If you experience problems with universal group caching you can enable error logging for this feature by configuring the following registry value: HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\NTDS\Diagnostics Group Caching Set this value to 5 to have full diagnostic information written to the - [Running admin commands on a workstation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/running-admin-commands-on-workstation/) - How to run admin commands on a workstation when you are logged on as a non-admin. As best practice recommends, I have two user accounts for my administrator workstation: the local Administrator account for when I want to perform admin tasks, and an ordinary user account (member of Domain Users) for activities like checking email, - [Finding the Groups a User Belongs To](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/finding-groups-user-belongs-to-2/) - Here's a useful tool for troubleshooting permissions problems arising from membership in groups. If you find that permissions are not working properly for a user on some resource, it may be because of the groups the user belongs to. Access to shared resources is usually granted to groups, not users, so if you don't know - [Enabling Remote Desktop on a Remote Machine](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enabling-remote-desktop-on-remote-machine/) - What if you want to use Remote Desktop on a server that's already off-site? Here's how to do it. You can access some properties pages of System using Computer Management by first connecting the console to a remote computer, then right-clicking on the root node and selecting Properties. Unfortunately however, the Remote tab is not - [Tool for slipstreaming patches](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/tool-for-slipstreaming-patches/) - It's not easy to slipstream a bunch of patches properly into Windows. It's not easy to slipstream a bunch of patches properly into Windows. Fortunately, Jesper Johansson and Steve Riley have included such a tool in their excellent book Protect Your Windows Network (Addison Wesley). This tool is called slipstream.vbs and is included on the - [Enhance Performance by Moving the Pagefile](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enhance-performance-by-moving-the-pagefile/) - Boost performance by moving your pagefile to a separate volume. A significant performance gain can usually be achieved on Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003 by moving the pagefile to a different partition or volume. By default, Windows creates a pagefile of size 1.5 x RAM and locates it on the root of the boot - [Know what you slipstreamed](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/know-what-you-slipstreamed/) - Slipstreamed installation points are good for deployment--provided you remember what you slipstreamed into them! Slipstreamed installation points are good for deployment--provided you remember what you slipstreamed into them! You can slipstream service packs, hotfixes, and other patches into an installation point to make it easier to deploy a fully up-to-date and secure Windows platform. But - [Batch your patches](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/batch-your-patches/) - One way of minimizing downtime due to patching systems is to batch a bunch of patches together and apply them in one shot. One way of minimizing downtime due to patching systems is to batch a bunch of patches together and apply them in one shot. With critical security patches released by Microsoft, you can - [Use a Larger Pagefile for Better Performance](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/use-larger-pagefile-for-better-performance/) - The default pagefile size isn't always enough for best performance, especially when you're running memory-hungry server apps. While the default setting of 1.5 x RAM is sufficient for pagefile size for some server roles, if your machine is running disk- and memory-intensive applications like Exchange or SQL Server then you may want to increase the - [Disabling the RunAs Command](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-runas-command/) - To enhance security you can prevent users from using the RunAs command. For standalone Windows XP machines in a workgroup environment, you can disable Run As by hacking the Registry. Simply use Regedit.exe to locate the following key on each machine: HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\Explorer Then create a new DWORD value named HideRunAsVerb and assign it a value - [Protect Your Security Logs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/protect-your-security-logs/) - Tip on how to protect your Security logs. What's the best way to protect your servers against a rogue admin using a tool like Winzapper to cover their tracks? Regularly archive the Security logs on all your servers to a secure location that only you have access to. You might try robocopy.exe and schtasks.exe as - [Audit Collection Services ACS](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/audit-collection-services-acs/) - Microsoft's Audit Collection Services (ACS) is coming soon to simplify collection and management of Security logs throughout your organization. Microsoft will soon release Audit Collection Services (ACS), a tool for pulling Security logs from Windows servers to a centralized location to simplify security auditing and log analysis. ACS will use an agent-based architecture and will - [Managing Event Logs on Multiple Servers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/managing-event-logs-on-multiple-servers/) - Tools for managing Event logs on multiple Windows servers. If you have multiple Windows servers, you'll soon get tired of viewing Event logs on each server separately and will want a more centralized and integrated solution. - [Group Policy Task Force](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-policy-task-force/) - Check out the work of the Group Policy Task Force. Did you know there’s an industry organization called Group Policy Task Force (GPTF) whose aim is to help promote standards for Group Policy usage and tools? - [Comparing Two Group Policy Objects](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/comparing-two-group-policy-objects/) - How to compare two GPOs and see how their settings differ. There’s no built-in functionality in Windows for comparing two GPOs to see how their settings differ, but you can try this: open the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) and select a GPO under the Group Policy Objects node. Then select the Settings tab in - [Reversing Folder Redirection](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/reversing-folder-redirection/) - Careful planning makes it easy to reverse folder redirection later on. Say you use Group Policy redirect My Documents folders to a file server on your network. Then later on you change your mind and you want to undo this and have My Documents redirected back to client machines. Simply deleting the GPO or unlinking - [Find Out When Policy Last Applied](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/find-out-when-policy-last-applied/) - How to find out when Group Policy was last applied to a remote machine. Want to quickly find out when Group Policy was last applied to a remote machine? - [Fix a Stalled WSUS Update Service](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/fix-stalled-wsus-update-service/) - I’ve heard many people complain about not being able to install WSUS because the service just won’t stay running. This is an easy fix. It is pretty often that I see network administrators attempt to install something new and then throw their hands up at the first sign of a problem. The first problem some - [Refresh Group Policy Remotely](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/refresh-group-policy-remotely/) - How to refresh Group Policy remotely from the command line. Want to refresh Group Policy on a remote machine without having to walk over to it, log on, and type gpupdate at the command prompt? - [Monitoring Microsoft SQL Server Performance](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/monitoring-microsoft-sql-server-performance/) - There are lots of ways to monitor the performance of a SQL server, but here are a couple tried and true methods that have worked for me. I’ve often been asked questions regarding monitoring the performance of a SQL server. This may sound like a pretty simple thing but once you start looking at all - [Disable First-Run Dialog in Internet Explorer 7](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disable-first-run-dialog-in-internet-explorer-7/) - The first-run dialog in Internet Explorer 7 is great for the individual user, but in a large network environment this is something you would typically prefer your users not to have to deal with. Here is how we fix it. The Internet Explorer 7 first-run dialog is used to set some preliminary settings after a - [Group Policy in a Workgroup Environment](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-policy-in-workgroup-environment/) - Using Group Policy in a workgroup setting. Although Group Policy is designed to work in a domain environment, you can actually use it to some extent in a workgroup environment also. That’s because each Windows 2000 or later machine has a Local Group Policy Object (LGPO) that you can use to lock down settings on - [Managing Multiple Virtual Servers in One Place](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/managing-multiple-virtual-servers-in-one-place/) - A lot of people are under the impression that to manage multiple virtual servers you need to log onto them all interactively. This tip debunks that myth. When managing multiple Virtual Server installations a lot of administrators are under the impression that you must log into each one of them individually in order to access - [Managing Microsoft Office Applications with Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/managing-microsoft-office-applications-with-group-policy-2/) - In organizations where Microsoft Office is commonplace on workstations, the ability to manage settings within those applications can come in handy. I will show you how we can manage those settings via Group Policy In organizations where Microsoft Office is commonplace on workstations, the ability to manage settings within the various office applications can come - [Installing the Windows Server 2003 Network Monitor](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/installing-windows-server-2003-network-monitor-2/) - The Windows Server 2003 Network Monitor is a very useful tool for network monitoring and troubleshooting. Here is how to install it. The Windows Server 2003 Network Monitor serves as a free packet sniffing tool provided by Microsoft. It can prove as a very useful tool for network troubleshooting. This software comes as a basic - [Enable MMC Version 3 in Windows Server 2003 R2](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enable-mmc-version-3-in-windows-server-2003-r2/) - To unlock the newest version of the Microsoft Management Console in Windows Server 2003 R2 you will need to perform the following steps... Windows Server 2003 R2 comes with the newest version of the Microsoft Management Console (MMC Version 3.0). However, in order to use this functionality you will have to unlock it in the - [Building in Security for Applications in Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/building-security-for-applications-in-windows-server-2003/) - 388 KB Microsoft Word file - This white paper outlines how the flexible, out-of-the-box security technologies in Windows Server 2003 and the .NET Framework can help prevent malicious code from breaching a corporate firewall. It also offers suggestions for making programs of all kinds more secure and easier to manage. - [Developing High-performance Applications with Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/developing-high-performance-applications-with-windows-server-2003/) - 746 KB Microsoft Word file - white paper outlines the guidelines and best practices for developing efficient, scalable, and high-performance applications using Windows Server 2003 and the .NET Framework. - [Moving Windows NT Server 4.0 and Windows 2000 Applications to Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/moving-windows-nt-server-40-and-windows-2000-applications-to-windows-server-2003/) - 202 KB Microsoft Word file - explains how to plan a migration strategy, and it describes how you can use various utilities and technical resources to deploy Windows Server 2003 as an application server and Web server, while minimizing disruption and additional investment. - [Windows Server 2003 Application Reliability](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/windows-server-2003-application-reliability/) - 278 KB Microsoft Word file - discusses the ways in which Windows Server 2003 is enhanced to promote maximum reliability and around-the-clock availability. It outlines the features that allow administrators to proactively manage processes to prevent server downtime. It describes failover services and clustering technologies that help maximize uptime, along with network load balancing and - [Using the Exchange Server Best Practices Analyzer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-exchange-server-best-practices-analyzer/) - There are several ways you can enhance the performance of your Exchange Server. Using the Exchange Server Best Practices Analyzer is one of them. E-Mail can often be the lifeblood of an organization and the majority of modern corporate e-mail systems are run by Microsoft Exchange. You can find dozens of books and pages upon - [Performing an Offline Defragmentation of Exchange](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/performing-offline-defragmentation-exchange/) - One of the best ways to increase the performance of an Exchange Server is to perform an offline defragmentation. Here is how to do it. One of the best ways to increase the performance of an Exchange Server is to perform an offline defragmentation of it. As an Exchange Server spends more and more time - [Changing Permissions on Objects in Exchange](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/changing-permissions-on-objects-in-exchange/) - Changing permissions on objects in Exchange is not available without a little bit of tweaking. This article will show how to do that. It may come as quite a shock when you go to change the permissions on various exchange objects and find that you can’t. This is because there is no security tab available - [Virtualization and Exchange Server](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/virtualization-and-exchange-server/) - Tips for running Exchange on Virtual Server. Running Microsoft Exchange Server 2003 on Microsoft Virtual Server is another way of leveraging the power of virtualization to reduce hardware and support costs for your enterprise. But there are some important limitations you need to pay attention to if you plan on doing this. First, your underlying - [ADC Before or After the User Migration](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/adc-before-or-after-user-migration/) - Do you install and configure Active Directory Connector (ADC) before or after the user migration? The answer to this “complicated” question is either you can install and configure ADC and Connection Agreements (CAs) before or after the user migration. Here are my explanations for both scenarios. Do you install and configure Active Directory Connector (ADC) - [Verifying Adprep](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/verifying-adprep/) - How to verify if Adprep has done its job. Say you’re migrating your Windows 2000 network to Windows Server 2003, so you run adprep /forestprep and adprep /domainprep to prepare your forest and domain for the upgrade. How do you know if all your domain controllers have been upgraded and have replicated afterwards? Two commands - [Monitor Share Usage for File Server Migration](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/monitor-share-usage-file-server-migration/) - How to monitor share access on a file server. I needed a way to monitor the usage of particular shares on a file server as we are looking to move to a clustered file server, and you need to create a resource for every share. Our existing file server has many shares on it, but - [Moving Windows NT Server 4.0 and Windows 2000 Applications to Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/moving-windows-nt-server-40-windows-2000-applications-to-windows-server-2003/) - 202 KB Microsoft Word file - explains how to plan a migration strategy, and it describes how you can use various utilities and technical resources to deploy Windows Server 2003 as an application server and Web server, while minimizing disruption and additional investment. - [Migrating UNIX and Other Applications to Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/migrating-unix-other-applications-windows-server-2003/) - 169 KB Microsoft Word file - white paper outlines the many system management tools and the advanced development environment that make it easy for IT professionals and developers to migrate UNIX and Java applications to a Windows-based solution. - [Migrating Windows NT Server 4.0 Domains to Windows Server 2003 Active Directory3](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/migrating-windows-nt-server-40-domains-to-windows-server-2003-active-directory3/) - 309 KB Microsoft Word file - [Upgrading from Windows NT Server 4.0 to Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/upgrading-from-windows-nt-server-40-to-windows-server-2003/) - 288 KB Microsoft Word file - white paper describes how any organization currently running Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0 can benefit from upgrading to the Windows Server 2003 family of operating systems. Included in this document is an overview of the upgrade process as well as information on some of the basic decisions you will - [Upgrading from Windows 2000 Server to Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/upgrading-from-windows-2000-server-to-windows-server-2003/) - 243 KB Microsoft Word file - This white paper provides an overview of the upgrade process and outlines some of the basic decisions to consider—whether you are upgrading an existing system, performing a new installation, or carrying out a migration. - [NetWare to Windows Server 2003 Migration Planning Guide](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/netware-windows-server-2003-migration-planning-guide/) - 5236 KB Microsoft Word file - This guide is intended for customers planning to migrate all or part of their Novell NetWare environment to the Windows Server 2003 operating system and Active Directory® directory service. Using the utilities included in the Microsoft Windows® Services for NetWare product, you can facilitate directory management and improve data - [Migrating Win32 Applications to Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/migrating-win32-applications-windows-server-2003/) - 246 KB Microsoft Word file - This includes applications such as Visual Basic®, 32-bit Windows-based applications, and Web applications written using Active Server Pages (ASP). - [Moving the Default Spooling Directory](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/moving-default-spooling-directory/) - In some scenarios, you may need to move the default spooling location for printers on a system. Here is a quick tutorial on how to do that. The default spooling directory on a Windows 2003 Server is %systemroot%\System32\Spool\Printers. In some situations, you may need to move this directory in order to free up disk space - [Correcting Corrupted Performance Counters](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/correcting-corrupted-performance-counters/) - The performance log can sometimes become corrupted on a Windows Server. This is how you correct it. More often than not, the performance tool is only used on a Windows 2003 Server when something is going wrong. This being the case, if the performance tool becomes corrupted you usually don’t know it until you really - [Finding and deleting zero sized files](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/finding-deleting-zero-sized-files/) - Cool command-line trick for finding and deleting bogus files. A consultant told me about a problem he had heard about where an IT person restored something on their server and they ended up with thousands of bogus files that had zero file size. The IT person was wondering if there was some easy way of - [Dumping group memberships](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/dumping-group-memberships-2/) - A useful tool for dumping groups and membership info. Unfortunately there's no built-in tool in Windows Server 2003 that can let you dump all groups and their membership from Active Directory, though there are a few older Resource Kit tools you can fiddle with to do this e.g. showmbrs.exe, addusrs.exe and so on. - [Clearing the ARP Cache](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/clearing-arp-cache/) - Knowing how to clear the ARP cache on a workstation or server can often be a good step in troubleshooting connectivity problems. The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is very crucial for TCP/IP network communication. If you begin to notice network connectivity problems such as particular web pages not loading or not being able to ping - [Usage of Fast Reconnect in IAS Implementations](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/usage-fast-reconnect-in-ias-implementations/) - The IAS Fast Reconnect feature can greatly increase the efficiency of your wireless client roaming in your wireless network. IAS provides a great deal of leverage in providing security for a wireless network. One of the features that is commonly overlooked in an IAS implementation is the usage of the fast reconnect feature when setting - [Remove IE Supervisor Password](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/remove-ie-supervisor-password/) - Pesky users can do all sorts of things to mess with a workstation. One of these things is to set a supervisor password on Internet Explorer. Here we look at how to remove one. Trouble users have tendencies to do all sorts of things to mess up a computer. One of the more common things - [Exporting DNS zone information](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/exporting-dns-zone-information-2/) - How to expert your DNS zone info. For documentation, monitoring or troubleshooting reasons you sometimes might want to export the information in your DNS zone on your Windows Server 2003 DNS servers. You can do this easily using the dnscmd.exe command by typing either dnscmd /zoneexport or dnscmd /zoneprint at a command prompt on your - [Recovering from a lost domain controller](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/recovering-a-lost-domain-controller/) - How NOT to replace a dead domain controller. Say you’re a small company and you have a network with only one domain controller. Your domain controller goes down and you discover your backup is corrupted. Will the following recovery procedure work? Re-install Windows Server 2003 on your machine giving it the same computer name and - [Windows reports AMD on Intel hardware](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/windows-reports-amd-intel-hardware/) - How Windows reports 64-bit hardware. So you buy a nice, new 64-bit Intel EM64T box and you install Windows Server 2003 64-bit Enterprise Edition on it. Then you happen to be browsing the registry and find PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE under HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment and notice that it has the value AMD64 instead of EM64T. What’s going on? Well, - [Installing Windows into a different folder](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/installing-windows-into-a-different-folder/) - How to install Windows in a folder other than \Windows. When you installed Windows 2000 you got the option of either accepting the default location for installing system files (the \Windows directory) or specifying a different folder to install Windows into. When you install Windows Server 2003 however, the Setup routine doesn’t display the option - [Determining Processor Architecture](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/determining-processor-architecture/) - How to determine your processor architecture from Windows. So you’ve just inherited a bunch of Windows Server 2003 servers from the last guy that worked at this company, and you’re trying to inventory the configuration of each system as the previous guy never kept any records (which is probably why he got fired). How can - [Detecting RAID controller cards during Setup](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/detecting-raid-controller-cards-during-setup-2/) - Troubleshooting USB floppy drive issues that cause text mode Setup to fail. Everyone is aware that if you need to install Windows Server 2003 on a server that has a hardware RAID controller card, you’ll need to press F6 during text mode Setup and supply the card’s driver on a floppy. But what if your - [Modifying ACLs from the command line](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/modifying-acls-from-command-line-2/) - Using a script to modify permissions. First there was cacls.exe, then xcacls.exe, then the dreaded and poorly-documented subinacl.exe. Each of these tools can be used in some fashion to view or modify access control lists (ACLs) i.e. permissions on files/folders on an NTFS volume. What you may not be aware of however is that Microsoft - [Group Membership in Multi-Forest Scenarios](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-membership-multi-forest-scenarios-2/) - Clearing up uncertainty around some Microsoft documentation on how groups can be nested. If your organization has deployed Active Directory in a multi-forest scenario (for example through a merger or acquisition with another company) and you need to add users or groups in one forest to a group in the other forest, the group in - [Configuring Windows Update via GPO](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configuring-windows-update-via-gpo/) - Much to the appeal of network administrators everywhere, windows update settings for individual computers can be set via group policy. Here is how to do it. Windows Update is something that needs to be configured on all computers in your network in order to ensure their individual security. Enabling an automatic update schedule on each - [Forcing SUS and WSUS Updates](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/forcing-sus-wsus-updates/) - A look at how to force SUS and WSUS updates. When you set up SUS or WSUS you are prompted to set a specific time to check for and download updates to the server. There may be some instances however where you need to force this process. This often comes up when you first setup - [Planning a Distributed WSUS Deployment](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/planning-distributed-wsus-deployment/) - When you our managing a LAN/WAN that is veritably spread out, you may want to consider a distributed approach to SUS/WSUS deployment. Microsoft Windows Software Update Services, or WSUS, is an application that allows group policy driven automatic deployment of Microsoft product updates. It is usually a given when planning a WSUS deployment that you - [Troubleshooting Windows Updates](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-windows-updates/) - Unfortunately updating Windows doesn’t always go as planned. This may help you troubleshoot your Windows update woes. As we are all very aware, it is very important to update your Windows installation regularly. However, there may be times when we run into issues with updating windows. In many cases a computer will not access the - [Preventing Users from Creating Local User Accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/preventing-users-from-creating-local-user-accounts/) - By default, any user on computer can create a local user account. Let’s fix that. In Windows 2000 or XP any user who logs on to a computer has rights to create a basic local user account on that machine. Although these created users will only be in the users group and not power users - [Using a Script to Add a Domain User to a Local Group](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-script-to-add-domain-user-to-local-group/) - There are sometimes situations when you need to be able to script the process of adding a domain user to a local group on a machine. Here is a script that will do just that. I ran into a scenario recently where I needed to add a domain group to the local administrators group of - [Redirecting Command Line Output to the Clipboard](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/redirecting-command-line-output-to-clipboard/) - Windows Server 2003 has a great feature which allows you to pipe output from the command line to the clipboard. Here is how to use it. Windows Server 2003 has a great feature which allows you to pipe output from the command line (cmd.exe) to the system clipboard very easily. By appending “| clip” to - [Managing Multiple Virtual Servers in One Place](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/managing-multiple-virtual-servers-in-one-place-2/) - A lot of people are under the impression that to manage multiple virtual servers you need to log onto them all interactively. This tip debunks that myth. When managing multiple Virtual Server installations a lot of administrators are under the impression that you must log into each one of them individually in order to access - [Copying Profiles Using Sysprep](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/copying-profiles-using-sysprep-2/) - There is a feature that is recently new to Sysprep that can speed up your time and get rid of one of the larger headaches of using the tool. One of the things that has always frustrated me those most when using Sysprep on a machine is having to copy my working profile over to - [Automating Disk Defragmentation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/automating-disk-defragmentation-2/) - Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 both include a new way to invoke the Windows defragmenter via the command line. This allows for easy automation of this task. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 both include a new way to invoke the Windows Defragmentation tool via the command line. This is different from prior versions - [Running chkdsk on very large volumes](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/running-chkdsk-on-large-volumes/) - Using DFS to get around long wait times checking very large volumes. If you have a storage volume of several hundred gigabytes or more (say a RAID 5 volume or a NAS/SAN attached volume) and discover what may be file corrpution on the volume, you can try running chkdsk to get more info and possibly - [Determining system up time](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/determining-system-up-time/) - How to find the up time for a system. Here's a quick way to determine a system's up time (how long since it last booted up). Open a command prompt and type: systeminfo | find /i ""up time"" This will pipe the output of systeminfo.exe into find.exe to find the string ""Up Time"" and display - [Which version am I running?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/which-version-running/) - How to find the version of a program, OS or FPSE. For most Windows programs, you can find out the version of the program you are running by selecting Help | About programname. This will generally also tell you the service pack level of the program as well. Here are some more ""which version (and - [List of services](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/list-of-services/) - Generating a quick list of services running on a machine. Want a quick list of the services running on your Windows machine? Type the following at a command prompt: net start > services.txt This will dump a list of running services to a text file named services.txt in your current directory, which you can then - [Scripting Printer Installation with PrintUI.dll](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/scripting-printer-installation-with-printuidll/) - Printer installation can be made into a scripting process very easily by use of the PrintUI DLL. Here is how to do it. In certain network situations it can be very beneficial to script the installation of printers based on physical location, username, group membership, etc. One of the most used methods of doing this - [Forcing Group Policy Updates Locally](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/forcing-group-policy-updates-locally/) - When testing Group Policy settings, being able to force a policy update can be very convenient. This can be done with the gpupdate command. Whenever I am working on a new Group Policy Obejct (GPO), I much prefer having it apply to a test computer instantly rather than waiting for it to pick it up - [Defragmentation and Shadow Copies](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/defragmentation-and-shadow-copies/) - How to make defragmentation work properly with shadow copies enabled. Defragmenting a hard drive that has shadow copies enabled on it can result in loss of shadow copy information. That means users who have files stored on the server may not be able to recover previous versions when they need to. The reason this problem - [Using the TSKILL Command to End Processes](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-tskill-command-to-end-processes/) - How to Use the TSKILL Command The TSKILL command can be executed via the command line to end processes by a particular name or process id. The usage of this command is as follows: tskill ProcessID | ProcessName [/server:ServerName] [/id:SessionID | /a] [/v] ProcessID – The ID of the process you wish to terminate. ProcessName - [Viewing DFS Link Limitations](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/viewing-dfs-link-limitations/) - How to determine whether your DFS namespace is running out of room for more links. DFS in Windows Server 2003 R2 is supposedly limited to around 5000 DFS links per domain-based root. But actually the limitation is not in the number of links but in the size of the blob used for storing DFS link - [Patching without downtime](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/patching-without-downtime/) - Load balancing and clustering can be used to prevent downtime caused by patching systems. Load balancing and clustering can be used to prevent downtime caused by patching systems. For example, if you have a mission-critical database server that must never go down, then create a cluster for it. Then when you need to patch the - [Automatic Updates for Servers?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/automatic-updates-for-servers/) - Should the Automatic Updates (AU) feature be used to keep your servers patched? Automatic Updates (AU) is designed mainly to keep client computers up to date with critical security patches. While AU is a feature of Windows server platforms also, it's generally not a good idea to use AU by itself to patch your servers. - [Using the Performance Console for Patch Testing](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-performance-console-for-patch-testing/) - The Performance can be helpful for testing a patch before applying it to a system. A good patch fixes something broken in an OS or application. A bad patch typically fixes something but breaks something else. One evidence of a bad patch might be that applying it creates a memory leak on your system. By - [Want to Improve Group Policy?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/want-to-improve-group-policy/) - How to help Microsoft improve Group Policy and other aspects of Windows Server System platforms. Group Policy can do a lot but it can't do everything. For example, there's no policy setting you can configure that will disable wireless functionality on mobile computers even when they're disconnected from the company network. If there's something you'd - [Back Up Printer Configurations](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/back-up-printer-configurations/) - Protect your print servers by backing up their printer configurations. Another use for Print Migrator besides migrating NT printers to Windows 2000/2003 and consolidating multiple print servers into a single print server is to use this free tool to back up the configurations of your network printers. This can be a lifesaver should you ever - [Consolidating Print Servers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/consolidating-print-servers/) - Save money by consolidating your print servers. Print Migrator is a free tool from Microsoft that can be used to migrate print servers running Windows NT 4.0 Server to Windows 2000 Server or Windows Server 2003. Print Migrator has another use however, namely print server consolidation. Using Print Migrator you can migrate the configurations of - [Transferring Ownership of Files: Good or Bad?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/transferring-ownership-files-good-or-bad-2/) - Windows Server 2003 lets you easily transfer ownership of files, but should you? Windows NT/2000 let you allow someone to ownership of a file you created but you couldn't give (assign) them ownership of the file. Windows Server 2003 changed this and the GUI now lets you assign ownership of a file to someone else - [Remove Patch Uninstall Folders To Clean Hard Drive](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/remove-patch-uninstall-folders-to-clean-hard-drive/) - Hard drives are cheap and people typically have more space than they know what to do with these days. But, that is no reason to just waste it. When you install Windows patches, hidden folders are created which contain the uninstall data. Viewing the hidden data on my computer, I found 50 or so patch - [Use Shortcuts To Navigate Explorer Folders](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/use-shortcuts-to-navigate-explorer-folders/) - Windows Explorer is a fairly functional tool for browsing files and folders and finding what you are looking for. But, depending on how large and how organized your hard drive is, it may take some time to sift through to the folder you really want. Using command line parameters, you can create desktop shortcuts that - [Enhance Performance by Moving the Pagefile](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enhance-performance-by-moving-pagefile/) - Boost performance by moving your pagefile to a separate volume. A significant performance gain can usually be achieved on Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003 by moving the pagefile to a different partition or volume. By default, Windows creates a pagefile of size 1.5 x RAM and locates it on the root of the boot - [Use a Larger Pagefile for Better Performance](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/use-larger-pagefile-for-better-performance-2/) - The default pagefile size isn't always enough for best performance, especially when you're running memory-hungry server apps. While the default setting of 1.5 x RAM is sufficient for pagefile size for some server roles, if your machine is running disk- and memory-intensive applications like Exchange or SQL Server then you may want to increase the - [Find It Fast With Desktop Search Tools](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/find-fast-desktop-search-tools/) - Hard drive space has gotten cheaper and the size of the drives has grown to enormous proportions. That is great for saving data, but makes it increasingly difficult to find what you're looking for when you need it. Enter the desktop search tools to help solve that problem. Desktop search tools existed before Google jumped - [Coexistence of Windows Server 2003 and Windows NT 4.0](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/coexistence-windows-server-2003-and-windows-nt-40/) - 136 KB Microsoft Word file - This paper describes coexistence of Windows Server 2003 with Windows NT 4.0 in Windows NT 4.0 domains. - [Why Upgrade from Windows NT 4.0 to Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/why-upgrade-windows-nt-40-to-windows-server-2003/) - Windows Server 2003 provides many new tools, services, and features that make a compelling case for upgrading from Microsoft Windows NT® Server 4.0. The overall benefits of upgrading provides significant management and cost saving benefits provided by the Active Directory® service. - [Improving Availability and Reliability with Microsoft Reliability Service](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/improving-availability-reliability-microsoft-reliability-service/) - 135 KB Microsoft Word file - This white paper introduces the Microsoft® Reliability Service (MRS), a Web–based service that gives customers the ability to track and improve the availability of their operating system and major applications. With MRS, customers can identify causes for unplanned downtime and take preemptive actions to decrease downtime in the future. - [Technical Overview of Windows Server 2003 File Services](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/technical-overview-windows-server-2003-file-services/) - 1.1M Word doc - discusses improvements in Windows Server 2003 File Services, with an emphasis on core infrastructure file service innovations. - [Inside IIS 6.0 and Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/inside-iis-60-windows-server-2003/) - 78 minutes - you will learn how to fully leverage the new reliability and management features in IIS 6.0. We’ll also explore IIS 5.0 compatibility mode and configure a poorly behaved unmanaged C++ ISAPI web application to automatically recycle to maintain availability while it is rewritten in managed code. We’ll learn how to programmatically modify - [Extending basic disks](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/extending-basic-disks/) - How to extend a basic disk if you have hardware RAID that supports it Something that's not very well known is that under certain circumstances you can extend basic disks on Windows Server 2003. Normally you would need to convert NTFS volumes from basic to dynamic if you need to extend them (i.e. to make - [Getting low-level disk info](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/getting-low-level-disk-info/) - How to get low-level disk info using WMIC. The Windows Server 2000 Resource Kit included a command-line tool named diskpar.exe that could be used to display low-level disk info, but this tool is not included with Windows Server 2003 or later. How can you display this info if you don't have this tool? Try the - [Change Management During Deployment](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/change-management-during-deployment/) - 206 KB Microsoft Word file - This white paper outlines some of the many ways Windows Server 2003 and the .NET Framework make it easy for administrators to deploy updates to managed applications securely and efficiently. It describes the sophisticated change management, versioning, and deployment features that offer increased efficiency, reliability, and time savings. - [Maximizing Availability on the Windows Server 2003 Platform](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/maximizing-availability-on-windows-server-2003-platform/) - 207 KB Microsoft Word file - This article examines the five components of the Microsoft strategy for helping customers maximize solution availability with Windows Server 2003. The strategy encompasses verifying operating system reliability during the Windows engineering process, understanding the causes of downtime, deploying new features and product enhancements that reduce downtime, providing mission-critical capabilities - [Introduction to Shadow Copies of Shared Folders](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/introduction-to-shadow-copies-shared-folders/) - 243 K Word doc - Shadow Copies of Shared Folders helps alleviate data loss by creating shadow copies of files or folders that are stored on network file shares at predetermined time intervals. A shadow copy is essentially a previous version of the file or folder at a specific point in time. - [Authorized DHCP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/authorized-dhcp/) - How to authorize DHCP for clients A common question is whether there is a way to configure a DHCP Server so that it only assigns IP addresses to machines that you authorize it to do so. For example, can you assign an IP address based on a MAC address. Of course you can—you create a - [Deleting files from network shares](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/deleting-files-from-network-shares/) - Deleting files from network shares What happens when a user deletes a file on their Windows XP computer? The file is moved to their Recycle Bin. That way, if the user later changes her mind and wishes she hadn't deleted the file, she can open her Recycle Bin, find the file, and right-click on it - [Packet Sniffing on a Switched Network](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/packet-sniffing-on-switched-network/) - Packet sniffing is one of the best ways to analyze network problems. Unfortunately, doing this on a switched network can be a bit tricky. In the old days when everyone used hub based networks, packet sniffing was as easy as plugging a laptop into a port on one of those hubs. Although more modern switched - [DHCP Reservations and Exclusions](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/dhcp-reservations-and-exclusions/) - When configuring a DHCP server I have often seen people interchange the words reservation and exclusion. These are two incredibly different concepts. I have seen people interchange the words reservation and exclusion many times when talking about the configuration of a DHCP server. These two concepts sound similar at first but they are actually quite - [Viewing the Effective Permissions for a Network Resources](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/viewing-effective-permissions-for-network-resources/) - It can sometimes be really hard to keep track of the actual permissions a user is receiving based upon all their various group memberships. Here we will look at a place where we can get to the bottom of a user's effective permissions. Keeping track of the permissions a user has to a particular network - [Service accounts and user profiles](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/service-accounts-user-profiles/) - How to create a profile for a service account and why you may need to do so. While service accounts generally don't require user profiles to be associated with them, there is at least one exception I can think of (you might be able to think of others) and this is when you need to - [Exporting DNS zone information](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/exporting-dns-zone-information-3/) - How to expert your DNS zone info. For documentation, monitoring or troubleshooting reasons you sometimes might want to export the information in your DNS zone on your Windows Server 2003 DNS servers. You can do this easily using the dnscmd.exe command by typing either dnscmd /zoneexport or dnscmd /zoneprint at a command prompt on your - [Verifying ports are listening](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/verifying-ports-are-listening/) - How to determine if a server is listening on a given port. In the old days of server troubleshooting, we used to use Telnet to check whether our SMTP server was listening on port 25, our HTTP server was listening on port 80, and so on. Open a Telnet session and type a few appropriate - [Disabling network configuration settings using Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-network-configuration-settings-using-group-policy-3/) - How to disable network configuration settings using Group Policy Ever wanted to do any of the following using Group Policy? Disable File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks Disable Client for Microsoft Networks Disable NetBIOS over TCPIP Well, you can’t do it using normal Group Policy settings, but you can do it as follows: Create - [How to remove unwanted local user accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-to-remove-unwanted-local-user-accounts/) - How to get rid of those pesky local user accounts on your workstations, or at least mitigate their unwanted presence. Say your network of Windows computers used to be a workgroup and you changed it to a domain. Now you have a bunch of workstations that can be accessed by both local user accounts (from - [How to choose a VPN auth protocol](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-to-choose-vpn-auth-protocol-2/) - How do you decide which auth protocol to use on a VPN client? Virtual Private Networking in Microsoft Windows supports several authentication protocols including EAP-TLS, mS-CHAPv2, and others. Which VPN authentication protocol should you use in which circumstance? Here's a quick guide: Use EAP-TLS if your VPN clients need to use smart cards or if - [Round Robin DNS and VPN Servers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/round-robin-dns-and-vpn-servers/) - How to load-balance multiple VPN servers. If you're using a VPN server to allow employees to remotely connect to your corporate network and you have a lot of remote users, you can improve performance by deploying additional VPN servers. Rather than divide up your employees into different groups who use different VPN servers, just use - [Troubleshooting Network Connections with Netsh](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-network-connections-with-netsh/) - Netsh is a very simple to use command-line utility that can make troubleshooting connectivity issues a breeze. Netsh is a very powerful command line utility that can be used to configure dozens of various network related settings. This utility also has a lot of value when it comes to network connectivity troubleshooting as well. One - [Disabling Automatic Private IP Addressing](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-automatic-private-ip-addressing/) - APIPA is a great Windows feature, but there are some occasions when you may not want computers to use it. Automatic Private IP Addressing, or APIPA as it is better known, is a feature of Windows 2000 and XP operating systems that allows for the automatic assignment of IP addresses in a network where there - [Troubleshooting network browsing issues](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-network-browsing-issues/) - Troubleshooting network browsing issues If you have a multi-subnet network with Active Directory deployed as a single domain with multiple domain controllers, and you find that users on one subnet can no longer see network resources on other subnets, it may be that your domain controller that has the PDC Emulator role is offline. This - [Troubleshooting network connectivity with a DHCP server](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-network-connectivity-with-dhcp-server/) - How to troubleshoot network connectivity with a DHCP server If your Windows XP computer can't communicate on the network, try opening a command prompt and typing ipconfig. If your IP address displays as 169.254.x.y then your computer probably rebooted recently but couldn't contact a DHCP server to lease an address, and as a result your - [Configuring the DHCP Cleanup Cycle](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configuring-dhcp-cleanup-cycle/) - Configuring the DHCP Cleanup Cycle On a Windows Server 2003 DHCP server, when an DHCP lease expires, the lease is marked for deletion in the DHCP database. It isn't immediately deleted from the database however. Instead, DHCP clients are granted a 4 hour reprieve just in case they still need to use the address so - [When to lengthen your DHCP lease period](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/when-to-lengthen-dhcp-lease-period/) - When to lengthen your DHCP lease period Most enterprises use DHCP to lease out IP addresses to computers on their networks, and DHCP lease duration can be configured on a per-scope basis using the DHCP snap-in. The default lease is 8 days, after which a computer has to renew their use of the address they've - [When to shorten your DHCP lease period](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/when-to-shorten-dhcp-lease-period/) - When to shorten your DHCP lease period Most enterprises use DHCP to lease out IP addresses to computers on their networks, and DHCP lease duration can be configured on a per-scope basis using the DHCP snap-in. The default lease is 8 days, after which a computer has to renew their use of the address they've - [Can't Ping the Server](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/cant-ping-the-server/) - Why you can't ping some Windows servers and how to fix it. If you are used to using the ping command to test networks for connectivity and the presence of hosts, you be surprised to find that pinging a Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1 computer sometimes won't work. That's because if Windows Firewall is - [Using a Script to Add a Domain User to a Local Group](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-script-to-add-domain-user-to-local-group-2/) - There are sometimes situations when you need to be able to script the process of adding a domain user to a local group on a machine. Here is a script that will do just that. I ran into a scenario recently where I needed to add a domain group to the local administrators group of - [Why do we still need WINS?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/why-we-still-need-wins/) - Why do we still need WINS servers on AD networks? Why, in this age of Windows Server 2003 R2, is it *still* a good idea to run WINS servers on your Active Directory network? Doesn't AD use DNS for name resolution? Yes. Isn't NetBIOS obsolete? Yes. Do any applications still use NetBIOS? Unfortunately, yes! Some - [Setting up a VPN on the Go](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/setting-up-vpn-on-go/) - Setting up a VPN in Windows Server 2003 or Windows XP is something that is fairly easy to do in no time at all. Here is a no fluff guide on how to get it done. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a method used for creating a secure encrypted tunnel between two network endpoints. - [Managing Microsoft Office Applications with Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/managing-microsoft-office-applications-with-group-policy-3/) - In organizations where Microsoft Office is commonplace on workstations, the ability to manage settings within those applications can come in handy. I will show you how we can manage those settings via Group Policy In organizations where Microsoft Office is commonplace on workstations, the ability to manage settings within the various office applications can come - [Installing the Windows Server 2003 Network Monitor](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/installing-windows-server-2003-network-monitor-3/) - The Windows Server 2003 Network Monitor is a very useful tool for network monitoring and troubleshooting. Here is how to install it. The Windows Server 2003 Network Monitor serves as a free packet sniffing tool provided by Microsoft. It can prove as a very useful tool for network troubleshooting. This software comes as a basic - [Disabling the WZC Service to Solve Random Wireless Disconnects](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-wzc-service-to-solve-random-wireless-disconnects/) - It is not uncommon for users to report their wireless clients dropping connection at random times. Here is how to cure the most common cause of this. It is not uncommon for users to report their wireless clients dropping connection at random times. The cause of this is the Wireless Zero Configuration (WZC) service. This - [Using Netsh to Backup and Restore Network Configuration](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/using-netsh-to-backup-restore-network-configuration/) - When you change your network configuration often it may make the process more efficient to backup your commonly used network settings so you can restore them in a much faster process by using the Netsh utility. Netsh is a very powerful network configuration tool that allows you to change virtually every network related setting on - [Naming Network Connections](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/naming-network-connections/) - Take a moment to name your network connections appropriately and save yourself time when troubleshooting later on. If you have a server with more than one network card in it, then it's a good idea to give descriptive names to your network connections instead of the default Local Area Connection, Local Area Connection 2, and - [Disabling Caching of Failed DNS Lookups](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-caching-of-failed-dns-lookups/) - How to prevent caching of failed DNS lookups from preventing you from having DNS name queries resolved. When Microsoft Windows platforms try and resolve a DNS name against a name server, the result is cached regardless of whether the query is successful or fails. For example, if you mistype an URL into the address bar - [Copying a Web Server Configuration](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/copying-web-server-configuration/) - It would be nice if you could just copy the metabase file from one IIS box to another to make a clone of your web server. It would be nice if you could just copy the metabase file from one IIS box to another to make a clone of your web server. Unfortunately this doesn't - [IIS 6 and MIME Types](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/iis-6-and-mime-types/) - Serving up files from a web server running IIS 6 can sometimes be problematical. Serving up files from a web server running IIS 6 can sometimes be problematical. This is because by default IIS 6 will not serve up files that have file extensions with unknown MIME types. This action was taken in IIS 6 - [Cut and Paste Virtual Directories](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/cut-and-paste-virtual-directories/) - It would be nice if one could cut and paste a virtual directory from one IIS website to another. It would be nice if one could cut and paste a virtual directory from one IIS website to another. Unfortunately the IIS 6 GUI just isn't that capable. But there is an easy way to copy - [Metabase Changes Not Applied Immediately](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/metabase-changes-not-applied-immediately/) - IIS 6 on W2K3 lets you edit the metabase directly using a text editor like Notepad. IIS 6 on W2K3 lets you edit the metabase directly using a text editor like Notepad. To do this you enable direct metabase editing, but you need to know how to write well-formed XML since the IIS 6 metabase - [Changing Worker Process Identity in IIS 6](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/changing-worker-process-identity-in-iis-6/) - In IIS 6 on W2K3, all worker processes run by default using NetworkService as their identity. In IIS 6 on W2K3, all worker processes run by default using NetworkService as their identity. This is done for security reasons since NetworkService is an account that has very few privileges. If you want however, you can further - [Avoiding Metabase Corruption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/avoiding-metabase-corruption/) - IIS 6 on W2K3 has a new feature that helps prevent metabase corruption. IIS 6 on W2K3 has a new feature that helps prevent metabase corruption, something that happened often with IIS 5 on W2K. The way it works is like this: if you enable direct metabase editing in IIS 6 and make a change - [Limitation of WebDAV on IIS](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/limitation-of-webdav-on-iis/) - IIS 5/6 has a limitation on how WebDAV works and which you should know about before implementing WebDAV. In the article http://www.windowsnetworking.com/articles_tutorials/WebDAV-IIS.html on WindowsNetworking.com you can learn how to implement WebDAV for publishing content to IIS web servers. Unfortunately IIS 5/6 has a limitation on how WebDAV works: you can only enable or disable WebDAV - [Listing All DHCP Servers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/listing-all-dhcp-servers/) - Want to know the DNS names and IP addresses of all DHCP servers on your network? Want to know the DNS names and IP addresses of all DHCP servers on your network? If you're using Active Directory it's easy, just open a command prompt and type netsh dhcp show server and a list of DHCP - [Preventing Rogue DHCP Clients](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/preventing-rogue-dhcp-clients/) - If you are using DHCP on your network and you want to prevent rogue clients from obtaining IP addresses from your DHCP server and participating on your network, your options are simple. If you are using DHCP on your network and you want to prevent rogue clients from obtaining IP addresses from your DHCP server - [W2K3 DHCP vs. SBS2K3 DHCP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/w2k3-dhcp-vs-sbs2k3-dhcp/) - There's an important difference in how DHCP works on a W2K3 DHCP server as compared to a Small Business Server 2003 (SBS2K3) box. There's an important difference in how DHCP works on a W2K3 DHCP server as compared to a Small Business Server 2003 (SBS2K3) box. If you boot up an SBS2K3 box and it - [Netsh dhcp not working](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/netsh-dhcp-not-working/) - Have trouble running the netsh dhcp command to configure your DHCP servers? Have trouble running the netsh dhcp command to configure your DHCP servers? Try running the command from a DHCP server on your network. That's because the Netsh DHCP Helper is installed when you add the DHCP server role to a W2K member server. - [Backing Up DHCP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/backing-up-dhcp/) - There's an important difference in how W2K and W2K3 store DHCP information. There's an important difference in how W2K and W2K3 store DHCP information. W2K DHCP server store their scope configuration information in the Registry, but W2K3 DHCP servers store this information in the DHCP database located in %SystemRoot%\System32\Dhcp. That means scope configurations are automatically - [Group Policy in a Workgroup Environment](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-policy-in-workgroup-environment-2/) - Using Group Policy in a workgroup setting. Although Group Policy is designed to work in a domain environment, you can actually use it to some extent in a workgroup environment also. That’s because each Windows 2000 or later machine has a Local Group Policy Object (LGPO) that you can use to lock down settings on - [Understanding Site Links](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/understanding-site-links-2/) - Site links can provide redundancy but not in the way you might think. A common misconception concerning Active Directory site links is that you can create two or more site links between the same pair of sites to ensure redundancy when a WAN link fails. For example, say your company headquarters is in Minneapolis and - [NETBIOS: Leave On or Turn Off?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/netbios-leave-on-or-turn-off/) - NETBIOS is supposed to be no longer needed since Windows 2000, but this is not really the case. Configuring your perimeter firewall to block ports 137 (for NetBIOS name resolution), 138 (for NetBIOS browsing and logon), and 139 (for NetBIOS file and print sharing using SMB) protects your network from external attackers trying to exploit - [Map Your Network For Better Protection and Incident Response](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/map-your-network-better-protection-and-incident-response/) - It is difficult to protect devices that you don't even know exist. In larger enterprises it is very easy to lose track of the asset inventory which leads to complacency about rogue devices. In order to effectively protect the network and to respond to incidents efficiently, an updated asset inventory and network map should always - [Managing Terminal Servers Using MOM and SMS](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/managing-terminal-servers-using-mom-and-sms/) - 166 KB Microsoft Word file - [Remote Administration of Windows Servers Using Remote Desktop for Administration](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/remote-administration-of-windows-servers-using-remote-desktop-administration/) - 177 KB Microsoft Word file - This white paper explores the design goals and implementation of Remote Desktop in Windows Server 2003, and explains how an enterprise can use this feature to remotely manage its Windows Servers from anywhere. - [Session Directory and Load Balancing Using Terminal Server](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/session-directory-and-load-balancing-using-terminal-server/) - 375 KB Microsoft Word file - This white paper discusses how to plan and deploy a load balanced terminal server farm using session directory, and how the session directory operates in a load balanced environment. - [Technical Overview of Windows Server 2003 Terminal Services](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/technical-overview-windows-server-2003-terminal-services/) - 212 KB Microsoft Word file - The Terminal Services component of Windows Server 2003 builds on the solid foundation provided by the Application Server mode in Windows 2000 Terminal Services, and includes the new client and protocol capabilities in Windows XP. Terminal Services lets you deliver Windows-based applications, or the Windows desktop itself, to virtually - [Windows Server 2003 Terminal Server Capacity and Scaling](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/windows-server-2003-terminal-server-capacity-and-scaling/) - 469 KB Microsoft Word file - Microsoft Windows Terminal Server lets users run Windows®-based applications on a remote computer running one of the Windows Server 2003 family of operating systems. This white paper contains testing methodologies, results, analysis, and sizing guidelines for Windows Server 2003 Terminal Server. - [Simplifying Infrastructure Complexity with Windows Distributed File System](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/simplifying-infrastructure-complexity-with-windows-distributed-file-system/) - 474 K Word doc - With DFS, administrators can create simplified views of folders and files, that is, a virtual organization called a namespace, regardless of where those files physically reside in a network. - [Windows Server 2003 Server Cluster Architecture](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/windows-server-2003-server-cluster-architecture/) - 747 KB Microsoft Word file - This white paper focuses on the architecture and features of server clusters and covers terminology, concepts, design goals, key components, and planned future directions. - [Geographically Dispersed Clusters in Windows Server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/geographically-dispersed-clusters-in-windows-server-2003/) - 201 KB Microsoft Word file - This paper discusses multi-site network load balancing and server cluster configurations, along with how to deploy geographically dispersed clusters. Also covered are key server cluster features in Windows Server 2003. - [Microsoft Windows Clustering: Storage Area Networks](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/microsoft-windows-clustering-storage-area-networks/) - 655 KB Microsoft Word file - This document describes what storage area networks (SAN) are, how server clusters can be deployed in a SAN, and how the Windows platform, and Windows clustering in particular, take advantage of SAN technology - [Technical Overview of Windows Server 2003 Clustering Services](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/technical-overview-windows-server-2003-clustering-services/) - 244 KB Microsoft Word file - This white paper gives an overview of the differences in clustering technology between Microsoft Windows Server 2003 and Windows 2000 Server. Some of the areas covered in the article are installation, integration, Network Load Balancing, and the new Network Load Balancing Manager. - [Quorums in Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Clusters](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/quorums-in-microsoft-windows-server-2003-clusters/) - 395 KB Microsoft Word file - This document provides a basic explanation of the two types of quorums available in Microsoft Windows server clusters. - [Domain Rename Tools](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/domain-rename-tools/) - link to download tools and 401K word document "Understanding How Domain Rename Works" - [Disabling Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-internet-explorer-enhanced-security-configuration/) - Windows Server 2003 comes out of the box very hardened in some areas. One of these is through Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration. Here is how to disable it. Windows Server 2003 is shipped with several of its high security features enabled by default. One of these features is Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configuration. There - [Find all encrypted files](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/find-all-encrypted-files/) - How to find all the EFS encrypted files on a machine. You can use the EFSINFO tool to find all encrypted files on a volume. This tool is found in the Windows Server 2003 Support Tools on your product CD. To use this tool to find encyrpted files, run the following from a command prompt: - [Creating a password reset disk](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/creating-a-password-reset-disk/) - Creating a password reset disk In Windows Server 2003 you can create a password reset disk for any local user account on a member server (a nondomain controller in a domain) or stand-alone server (a server in a workgroup). You can't create a password reset disk for a domain controller because a domain controller doesn't - [Authorized DHCP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/authorized-dhcp-2/) - How to authorize DHCP for clients A common question is whether there is a way to configure a DHCP Server so that it only assigns IP addresses to machines that you authorize it to do so. For example, can you assign an IP address based on a MAC address. Of course you can—you create a - [Listening ports and services](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/listening-ports-and-services/) - How to find what ports your server is listening on and which service is listening on each port How can you find what ports your server is listening on and which service is listening on each port? The traditional way is to open a command prompt and type netstat –anb. An even better way however - [Port 445 and trust creation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/port-445-and-trust-creation/) - How port 445 is used in trust creation In order to create a trust between two domains, you need to have TCP port 445 (the Microsoft SMB port) open on both sides. Having open ports though (especially for SMB traffic) is an invitation to attacks by worms and other malware, so the few ports you - [Enabling Windows Firewall on domain controllers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enabling-windows-firewall-on-domain-controllers/) - Steps for enabling WF on domain controllers. You can enable Windows Firewall on your domain controllers for enhanced security, but you need to do it right, otherwise problems can arise such as not being able to join client machines to your domain. Here's how you need to configure Windows Firewall on a domain controller: Enable - [Configuring Security for Server Based Printers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configuring-security-server-based-printers/) - Anytime you are using a printer in a large network environment you need to make sure it is securely distributed. Here we look at how to set security permissions on a server based printer. A server based printer is one that is shared throughout a network from a server. The good thing about doing this - [Service accounts and user profiles](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/service-accounts-and-user-profiles/) - How to create a profile for a service account and why you may need to do so. While service accounts generally don't require user profiles to be associated with them, there is at least one exception I can think of (you might be able to think of others) and this is when you need to - [Verifying ports are listening](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/verifying-ports-are-listening-3/) - How to determine if a server is listening on a given port. In the old days of server troubleshooting, we used to use Telnet to check whether our SMTP server was listening on port 25, our HTTP server was listening on port 80, and so on. Open a Telnet session and type a few appropriate - [Schema vs. Enterprise vs. Domain Admins](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/schema-vs-enterprise-vs-domain-admins-2/) - Domain admins can basically do anything, anywhere in the forest. You have to choose who will be your domain admins very carefully, even in a multi-domain environment. That’s because there are exploits that can enable Domain Admins to make themselves into Enterprise Admins or even Schema Admins! And this works even if you are a - [Exempting User Accounts from Domain Password Policies](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/exempting-user-accounts-from-domain-password-policies-2/) - There's one exemption to how domain password policies are applied. In an Active Directory environment, password policies for users accounts are determined by the Group Policy settings found under Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security Settings\Account Policies\Password Policy. These policy settings (there are six of them) apply uniformly to all users in the domain. In other words, you - [Securing your Event logs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/securing-event-logs/) - Preventing rogue administrators from tampering with Event logs. Event logs can easily be tampered with if a user belongs to the local Administrators group on a system. For example, you can disable the Event Log service, reboot your machine, and mess around with the event log files. Or even easier, you can download a tool - [Pre-staging computer accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/pre-staging-computer-accounts-3/) - How to ensure client computers are not left in an unmanaged state after joining a domain. When you join a Windows computer to a domain, by default the computer account for the computer gets placed into the Computers container. Unfortunately the Computers container is not an organizational unit (OU) so you can’t link a Group - [Group Policy in mixed environments](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-policy-in-mixed-environments-2/) - How to target Group Policy differently for different OSes. Ever had a need to push out Group Policy settings to one client platform but not to another? For example, say you have a mixed Windows XP/2000 desktop computer environment and you want your Windows XP machines to receive some policy but not your Windows 2000 - [How to prevent users from installing software](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-to-prevent-users-from-installing-software/) - Preventing users from installing software. Users love to install stuff on their computers—I’m thinking Google toolbar, Yahoo toolbar, Skype and so on. Unfortunately many business don’t want users to be able to do this because if installing such software should destabilize their systems, support costs will escalate. What are some of the ways you can - [The Power with Power Users](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/the-power-with-power-users-2/) - The power users group is often misused and can lead to the compromise of a system. Here is why this can happen. The power users group is often used without knowledge of how much actual power it gives a user. With Power User privileges a person can modify certain computer-wide settings, create user accounts, install - [How to remove unwanted local user accounts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-to-remove-unwanted-local-user-accounts-2/) - How to get rid of those pesky local user accounts on your workstations, or at least mitigate their unwanted presence. Say your network of Windows computers used to be a workgroup and you changed it to a domain. Now you have a bunch of workstations that can be accessed by both local user accounts (from - [Don’t forget to secure your UPS!](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/dont-forget-to-secure-your-ups/) - Physical security for your servers may be useless if you don't secure your UPS also. Here’s a security precaution you may not have thought of before. Syskey is supposed to be a great way of securing a Windows server against physical attack. But I’ve actually heard of thieves breaking into a server room and stealing - [Eliminating Ping Responses from Secret Servers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/eliminating-ping-responses-from-secret-servers/) - Ever have a server setup that you really don’t want people knowing even exists? Keeping it from returning ping responses is a great way to make it vanish. As an IT professional it is your job to know where every server is on your network. However, just because you know where a server is, doesn’t - [Disabling LM Authentication](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/disabling-lm-authentication/) - Using strong passwords is useless if they are not encrypted properly. That’s why disabling LM authentication is important. Requiring users to create complex passwords is of absolutely no use if those passwords can be easily extracted from a computer. By default, Windows 2000 and XP locally store the passwords hashes used during Lan Manager (LM) - [Logging Windows Firewall](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/logging-windows-firewall/) - The built-in windows firewall won’t only stop unwanted traffic at your doorstep, it will log it too! The Windows Firewall has several great features, but one of the most commonly overlooked is its logging capabilities. You can access the settings for these logging features by clicking Start, Run, and typing “firewall.cpl” and clicking OK. After - [Warning Signs of a Rogue DHCP Server](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/warning-signs-of-rogue-dhcp-server/) - Just because you are only supposed to have one DHCP server on your network doesn’t mean it really is the only one A pretty common rule of thumb for any network using DHCP is to only use one DHCP server, and if you must use more than one to make sure the IP ranges being - [How to choose a VPN auth protocol](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-to-choose-vpn-auth-protocol-3/) - How do you decide which auth protocol to use on a VPN client? Virtual Private Networking in Microsoft Windows supports several authentication protocols including EAP-TLS, mS-CHAPv2, and others. Which VPN authentication protocol should you use in which circumstance? Here's a quick guide: Use EAP-TLS if your VPN clients need to use smart cards or if - [Default GPO Permissions](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/default-gpo-permissions-2/) - It is very important to assign appropriate permissions to every GPO you create. Here I list the default permissions given to a new GPO. I cannot stress enough how important it is to correctly set permissions for the Group Policy Objects you create. In this sense, it is very important that you know what permissions - [Increase file server performance](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/increase-file-server-performance-2/) - Don't use your domain controller as a file server--here's why. One simple way to get better file server performance is to make sure you use a separate server as your file server. In other words, don't use your domain controller as your file server. Why, you might ask. After all, domain controllers don't do all - [Preventing users from Modifying Group Policy Settings](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/preventing-users-from-modifying-group-policy-settings-2/) - How to prevent users from modifying Group Policy. Group Policy is the administrator's friend as it lets you lock down security, desktop and user settings on user's machines and for user accounts. Unfortuantely in some scenarios admins grant desktop users local admin privileges on their machines, either due to application compatibility issues or for specific - [Troubleshooting WSUS](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/troubleshooting-wsus/) - How to troubleshoot WSUS when clients can't download and install patches. If you're using Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) to download, approve, and distribute patches to computers across your network, then occasionally you may find one of your client machines has problems downloading patches from your WSUS server. If this happens, here's how you can - [Virtualization and Viruses](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/virtualization-viruses/) - How to protect your virtual machines without degrading performance. Viruses can infect not just physical machines but virtual ones too, so if you're running Virtual PC or Virtual Server on a box in a production environment (or any environment with Internet connectivity) then you should install antivirus software on both your host OS and all - [Configuring Wireless Security Settings via GPO](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configuring-wireless-security-settings-via-gpo-3/) - Using Group Policy wireless extensions you can more easily manage security and encryption settings for your networks wireless clients. Windows Server 2003 provides functionality via group policy to configure wireless settings for clients in your organization. These settings can only being configured from Active Directory Users and Computers or the Microsoft Group Policy Management Console - [Auditing on a per-user basis](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/auditing-per-user-basis/) - How to configure per-user auditing. Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1 lets you do something you couldn't do on previous platforms, namely configure audit settings on a per-user basis. This new feature is called "Per-User Selective Audit" and was actually present in Windows Server 2003 RTM but by mistake the command-line tool auditusr.exe wasn't included - [Security Patches as ISO images](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/security-patches-as-iso-images/) - You can obtain patches for Windows as an ISO (CD) image. If you are a large enterprise and support multiple different language versions of Microsoft Windows, downloading security patches and keeping track of them can be a nightmare. For example, some security updates are released in over 100 different versions! To ease the pain of patching - [Don't Bother Deleting C$](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/dont-bother-deleting-c-2/) - Why deleting the C$ share is not a good idea. Some admins like to delete the C$ share, the automatic hidden share of the system volume. This share is generally needed for remote administration and access is restricted to administators, but since it's potentially an open door into their systems some admins would rather it - [Enforcing Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/enforcing-group-policy/) - How to force Group Policy to apply even when users can override settings using local admin credentials. Users who have local admin accounts on workstations can edit the registry and thereby undo many Group Policy settings that may have been applied to their computers. Best practice then would be to not give users local admin - [Preventing Users From Circumventing Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/preventing-users-from-circumventing-group-policy/) - Given enough privileges, a user can often circumvent Group Policy restrictions. Here's what you can do about it. If users have local admin privileges on their workstations, they can circumvent many Group Policy settings by editing the registry directly (provided they know enough to know where to look in the registry). This is bad news - [Local accounts and Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/local-accounts-group-policy/) - Group Policy can be a minefield and some policy settings are best left unchanged... Group Policy can be a minefield and some policy settings are best left unchanged. A good example of this is the following policy setting: Accounts: Limit local account use of blank passwords to console logon only This policy is found under - [Checking Local Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/checking-local-group-policy-2/) - There may be times when you want to check the Local Group Policy Settings on a desktop machine. While using the Group Policy Results Wizard is the simplest way to view the Group Policy settings that apply to a remote machine, there may be times when you want to check the Local Group Policy Settings - [Secure USB ports](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/secure-usb-ports/) - How to prevent users from downloading sensitive files using USB keys. USB ports on desktop computers pose a security risk in many environments. This is because simply by inserting a USB flash drive or key into these ports, users can download sensitive files from their computers and transport them off site, possibly in contravention of - [Security Options Ignored](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/security-options-ignored/) - Why are some Security Options in Group Policy not being applied? The Group Policy setting ""Network Security: Force logoff when logon hours expire"" is found under Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security Settings\Local Policies\Security Options. What if you try and configure this setting and it isn't being applied? You've probably configured this setting in a GPO linked to - [Why It's Hard to Harden Clients](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/why-its-hard-to-harden-clients/) - Servers are usually hardened--why not clients? Tools like the new Security Configuration Wizard (SCW) included in Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1 are excellent for hardening servers to protect them from attack. But why hasn't Microsoft released a similar tool for hardening Windows XP client machines? The simple reason is that hardening clients the same - [A Common Misconception Regarding Security Logs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/a-common-misconception-regarding-security-logs/) - Do domain controllers share security logs? Domain controllers host Active Directory, which manages the security of your Windows-based networks. If you have several domain controllers in the same domain, Active Directory information is automatically replicated between them so that they all contain identical (except for replication delay) copies of Active Directory and therefore contain identical - [Value of Auditing Workstations](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/value-of-auditing-workstations/) - Why you might consider enabling auditing on workstations... Most admins only audit events taking place on servers, not workstations. The simple reason is that there are usually few servers but many workstations, plus servers are more valuable than workstations, which you can blow away and re-image in a pinch. It can be a good idea - [Top 5 Group Policy Links](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/top-5-group-policy-links/) - Five great resrouces with helpful information on Group Policy... Here are five great resources with helpful information on Group Policy: Group Policy Technology Center on Microsoft.com Group Policy Wiki Group Policy Resource Center (gpanswers.com) GPOguy.com Microsoft Windows Group Policy Guide (Microsoft Press) Hope you find these resources as useful as I do! - [Be an example](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/be-an-example/) - Want users in your company to follow the security policies and practices you lay down? Want users in your company to follow the security policies and practices you lay down? Be an example to them by following these same policies yourself. For example, never browse the web or check email using your administrator account, use - [Security policies--where to start](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/security-policies-where-to-start/) - If you tell IT managers they need to create a formal, written security policy for their company (many small- and mid-sized companies don't have one) what's the first thing they'll say in response? If you tell IT managers they need to create a formal, written security policy for their company (many small- and mid-sized companies - [What Defense In Depth Is NOT](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/what-defense-in-depth-is-not/) - A common misconception concerning network security is the meaning of the term "defense in depth". A common misconception concerning network security is the meaning of the term "defense in depth". To understand this, think about the following: You're afraid of people breaking into your home, so you do the following: You install three locks on - [Tool for slipstreaming patches](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/tool-for-slipstreaming-patches-2/) - It's not easy to slipstream a bunch of patches properly into Windows. It's not easy to slipstream a bunch of patches properly into Windows. Fortunately, Jesper Johansson and Steve Riley have included such a tool in their excellent book Protect Your Windows Network (Addison Wesley). This tool is called slipstream.vbs and is included on the - [Management software and security](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/management-software-and-security/) - Which kind of management software is more secure, agent-based or agentless? Which kind of management software is more secure, agent-based or agentless? I vote for agentless software for one simple reason: less risk of a service account dependency creating an unexpected vulnerability in your network. Generally, if you're using an agent-based management platform you must - [Automatic Updates for Servers?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/automatic-updates-for-servers-2/) - Should the Automatic Updates (AU) feature be used to keep your servers patched? Automatic Updates (AU) is designed mainly to keep client computers up to date with critical security patches. While AU is a feature of Windows server platforms also, it's generally not a good idea to use AU by itself to patch your servers. - [IIS 6 and MIME Types](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/iis-6-and-mime-types-2/) - Serving up files from a web server running IIS 6 can sometimes be problematical. Serving up files from a web server running IIS 6 can sometimes be problematical. This is because by default IIS 6 will not serve up files that have file extensions with unknown MIME types. This action was taken in IIS 6 - [Changing Worker Process Identity in IIS 6](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/changing-worker-process-identity-in-iis-6-2/) - In IIS 6 on W2K3, all worker processes run by default using NetworkService as their identity. In IIS 6 on W2K3, all worker processes run by default using NetworkService as their identity. This is done for security reasons since NetworkService is an account that has very few privileges. If you want however, you can further - [Listing All DHCP Servers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/listing-all-dhcp-servers-2/) - Want to know the DNS names and IP addresses of all DHCP servers on your network? Want to know the DNS names and IP addresses of all DHCP servers on your network? If you're using Active Directory it's easy, just open a command prompt and type netsh dhcp show server and a list of DHCP - [Preventing Rogue DHCP Clients](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/preventing-rogue-dhcp-clients-2/) - If you are using DHCP on your network and you want to prevent rogue clients from obtaining IP addresses from your DHCP server and participating on your network, your options are simple. If you are using DHCP on your network and you want to prevent rogue clients from obtaining IP addresses from your DHCP server - [Protect Your Security Logs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/protect-your-security-logs-2/) - Tip on how to protect your Security logs. What's the best way to protect your servers against a rogue admin using a tool like Winzapper to cover their tracks? Regularly archive the Security logs on all your servers to a secure location that only you have access to. You might try robocopy.exe and schtasks.exe as - [Finding Significant Security Events](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/finding-significant-security-events/) - How to sort the wheat from the chaff in Windows Security logs. Windows Security logs can generate tons of events, but only a few of them may be significant to monitor for your environment. Security MVP Randy Smith provides you with a way of sorting the important stuff from the background noise - [Audit Collection Services (ACS)](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/audit-collection-services-acs-2/) - Microsoft's Audit Collection Services (ACS) is coming soon to simplify collection and management of Security logs throughout your organization. Microsoft will soon release Audit Collection Services (ACS), a tool for pulling Security logs from Windows servers to a centralized location to simplify security auditing and log analysis. ACS will use an agent-based architecture and will - [Gaps in Security Log](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/gaps-in-security-log/) - You found a gap of several hours in your Security log, what does it mean? You're reviewing the Security log on a Windows server and notice a 12 hour gap where there were no events logged. Could someone have hacked your server and tried to erase their tracks? Or was it simply a glitch of - [Managing Event Logs on Multiple Servers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/managing-event-logs-on-multiple-servers-2/) - Tools for managing Event logs on multiple Windows servers. If you have multiple Windows servers, you'll soon get tired of viewing Event logs on each server separately and will want a more centralized and integrated solution. There are a number of tools available for consolidating and monitoring Event logs - [Get the Latest ADM Files](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/get-the-latest-adm-files/) - How to obtain the latest Administrative Template files from Microsoft. Microsoft periodically releases updated Administrative Template (.adm) files for all its Windows platforms. Typically these files are updated whenever a current OS (XP or 2003) has a new service pack released, and these updated templates usually provide enhanced Group Policy functionality you may want to - [Auditing Access to Sensitive Data](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/auditing-access-to-sensitive-data/) - How to see who's accessing sensitive files on a server. If you want to see who's trying to access a folder of sensitive files on your file server, you can enable the Audit Object Access audit policy under Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security Settings\Local Policies\Audit Policy in the appropriate GPO. Then use the ACL editor on the - [Terrific Resource for Windows Security Log](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/terrific-resource-for-windows-security-log/) - Here's a terrific resource for the Security log that every Windows admin should know about. There's tons of useful stuff there and some excellent free resources to help you analyze your Security logs, plus Randy offers a 2-day course called Security Log Secrets which is well worth the time and cost. - [Want to Improve Group Policy?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/want-to-improve-group-policy-2/) - How to help Microsoft improve Group Policy and other aspects of Windows Server System platforms. Group Policy can do a lot but it can't do everything. For example, there's no policy setting you can configure that will disable wireless functionality on mobile computers even when they're disconnected from the company network. If there's something you'd - [Auditing Group Policy Settings](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/auditing-group-policy-settings/) - How to use the GPMC for auditing purposes. In today's regulatory enviornment, business need to be able to audit their security settings. The Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) of Windows Server 2003 lets you create HTML reports of settings in each GPO by right-clicking on a GPO and selecting Save Report. You can then print - [Preventing Group Policy Workarounds](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/preventing-group-policy-workarounds/) - A smart user who has local Administrator or Power Users privileges on their desktop computer may be able to circumvent Group Policy. A smart user who has local Administrator or Power Users privileges on their desktop computer may be able to circumvent Group Policy. For example, they could write a registry script and use it - [Group Policy Task Force](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/group-policy-task-force-2/) - Check out the work of the Group Policy Task Force. Did you know there’s an industry organization called Group Policy Task Force (GPTF) whose aim is to help promote standards for Group Policy usage and tools? There are a number of member companies like Centrify and DesktopStandard that have excellent Group Policy tools you should - [Comparing Two Group Policy Objects](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/comparing-two-group-policy-objects-2/) - How to compare two GPOs and see how their settings differ. There’s no built-in functionality in Windows for comparing two GPOs to see how their settings differ, but you can try this: open the Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) and select a GPO under the Group Policy Objects node. Then select the Settings tab in - [Reversing Folder Redirection](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/reversing-folder-redirection-2/) - Careful planning makes it easy to reverse folder redirection later on. Say you use Group Policy redirect My Documents folders to a file server on your network. Then later on you change your mind and you want to undo this and have My Documents redirected back to client machines. Simply deleting the GPO or unlinking - [How Can I Learn Group Policy?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/how-can-i-learn-group-policy/) - Need to learn how Group Policy works, what it can do, and how to implement it? A good tutorial on the basics of Group Policy for beginning to intermediate administrators is the following 14-part series of webcasts found on Microsoft’s website at http://www.microsoft.com/events/series/grouppolicy.mspx. Check them out! - [XP SP2 Breaks Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/xp-sp2-breaks-group-policy/) - Resolving an issue with adm files in XP SP2. If you use Group Policy Object Editor on an XP SP2 machine to open a GPO on a Windows Server 2003 domain controller, the updated .adm files for XP SP2 will be copied to SYSVOL and will cause a popup error message to be repeatedly displayed - [Find Out When Policy Last Applied](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/find-out-when-policy-last-applied-2/) - How to find out when Group Policy was last applied to a remote machine. Want to quickly find out when Group Policy was last applied to a remote machine? - [Joining a Domain Securely](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/joining-domain-securely/) - How to securely add a computer to a domain. When a computer joins an Active Directory domain, a computer account for the machine is created in the Computers container under the domain in Active Directory Users and Computers. Unfortunately this Computers container isn’t an OU so you can’t link a GPO to it to secure - [Transferring Ownership of Files: Good or Bad?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/transferring-ownership-files-good-or-bad-3/) - Windows Server 2003 lets you easily transfer ownership of files, but should you? Windows NT/2000 let you allow someone to ownership of a file you created but you couldn't give (assign) them ownership of the file. Windows Server 2003 changed this and the GUI now lets you assign ownership of a file to someone else - [NETBIOS: Leave On or Turn Off?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/netbios-leave-on-or-turn-off-2/) - NETBIOS is supposed to be no longer needed since Windows 2000, but this is not really the case. Configuring your perimeter firewall to block ports 137 (for NetBIOS name resolution), 138 (for NetBIOS browsing and logon), and 139 (for NetBIOS file and print sharing using SMB) protects your network from external attackers trying to exploit - [Checking Local Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/checking-local-group-policy-3/) - There may be times when you want to check the Local Group Policy Settings on a desktop machine. While using the Group Policy Results Wizard is the simplest way to view the Group Policy settings that apply to a remote machine, there may be times when you want to check the Local Group Policy Settings - [Importing SSL certificates for outlook rpc over https](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/outlook-microsoft-office-software/importing-a-certificate-for-outlook-web-access/) - When you are connecting to Outlook rpc/https either via Outlook on your desktop or rpc/https over your windows mobile phone, you will need to import the certificate file. This can easily be done by connecting to the https through your web browser and then importing and saving the certificate from there. Here are the steps: - [Vista PPTP VPN cannot map shares issue](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/vista-pptp-vpn-cannot-map-shares-issue/) - This problem is when you have a Vista machine connecting to a windows VPN, you can ping the server but cannot map shares or connect to services on the server over the vpn. The problem here is that Vista by default on the Client disables NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NetBT). 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It is a little known fact that many major ISP's all over the world - [Dell Laptop loses network connection or deactivated](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/vendors/dell-laptop/dell-laptop-loses-network-connection-deactivated/) - This is a problem we found to be a funny yet really annoying default "power saving" method enabled on Dell D630 and D620 laptops with Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Network chipsets. There are many scenarios to this problem that may be misleading but basically if you are running on batteries and your Dell notebook ethernet network - [Good password security policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/general/good-password-security-policy-2/) - What makes a strong password? To an attacker, a strong password should appear to be a random string of characters. The following criteria can help your passwords do so: The object when choosing a password is to make it as difficult as possible for a cracker to make educated guesses about what you've chosen. 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You need to log on as - [add outlook icon to desktop](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/outlook-microsoft-office-software/add-outlook-icon-to-desktop/) - How To Add Outlook 2003 icon Back to the Desktop? If you would like to add outlook 2003 icon back to the desktop like in outlook 2000/xp, this is just a simple task. When you install outlook 2003, the launch icon that you used to have will disappear on your desktop. 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My suspicions were that - [Vista ipconfig renew IP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/vista-ipconfig-renew-ip/) - Windows Vista: How To Run ipconfig / renew As Administrator A common problem encountered with Vista is that ipconfig doesn't release/renew properly. Instead, Vista reports that administrator rights must be used, even if you are logged in as the administrator. 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You can also click - [Setup Gmail IMAP in Vista mail](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/setup-gmail-imap-in-vista-mail/) - VISTA: Setting Up gmail IMAP Support There is an internet protocol specifically used for message transmission, similar to ftp being a file File Transfer Protocol. This mail protocol is called Internet Message Access Protocol, or IMAP. It was designed to promote seamless and efficient transfer of messages between more than one machine or device. It - [Share network folders in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/share-network-folders-in-vista/) - VISTA: How To Share Folders A Note About Vista Default Networks Before you can share folders in Windows Vista, you need to make sure that all computers are on the same network. In Windows XP, the default network is MSHOME (ditto for Win9x versions), but Windows Vista uses WORKGROUP (anybody remember Windows 3.11?). If your - [Showing super hidden files in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/showing-super-hidden-files-vista/) - VISTA: How to Show Super Hidden Files To reduce human error, Microsoft has developed hidden files over the years. At first, the files could be locked, making them read-only. With the advent of the Win9x operating systems, specific file types could be hidden from view. Windows Vista has gone a step farther along that road, - [Vista adding different wallpapers on dual monitors](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/vista-adding-different-wallpapers-on-dual-monitors/) - VISTA: How Do I Make Different Wallpapers On Dual Monitors The use of dual monitors has become popular with power users and IT technicians. A common misconception is that you must use the same wallpaper on each monitor. Here are the steps required to put different wallpapers on each monitor: 1. 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Click "Customize". 3. Uncheck "Use large icons". That's all there is to it. Exit - [password protect Excel](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/excel/password-protect-excel/) - MS Office and Excel enable password protection for files When working in MS Office and Excel, you may occasionally need to protect files from prying eyes and searching fingers. This can be accomplished easily in Word, Excel, and Powerpoint, using the Password to Modify feature. This allows anyone to open and read the file, but - [Publisher hotkeys and shortcuts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/publisher/publisher-hotkeys/) - Common Hotkeys In Publisher To Help You Be More Productive The following list of hotkeys for Publisher can also be found in the Help Index of Publisher. Many of these shortcuts are standard across the Windows platform, while others are specific only to Publisher. 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Your productivity would be greatly - [Outlook hotkeys and shortcuts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/outlook-microsoft-office-software/outlook-hotkeys-shortcuts/) - Common hotkeys in Outlook to help you be more productive By learning the hotkeys used in Outlook, you'll find that you are able to get more done in less time. As you'll notice in looking over the following list, a great many of the commands used in Outlook Express are duplicated as hotkeys. Outlook Express - [Powerpoint hotkeys and shortcuts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/powerpoint/powerpoint-hotkeys-shortcuts/) - Common hotkeys in Powerpoint to help you be more productive Frequent users of Powerpoint can appreciate the hotkeys built into it. From giving fast access to common commands to special hotkeys designed expressly to simplify processes, these hotkeys are indispensible to anyone whose productivity depends on getting the job quickly and efficiently. These keyboard - [Access hotkeys and shortcuts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/access/access-hotkeys-shortcuts/) - Common Hotkeys For Microsoft Access To Improve Productivity Here you will find the most of the control keys (hotkeys) used in Microsoft Access. By learning these simple keystrokes, you will find that you are more efficient, which translates into higher productivity. General Control Commands: F1 Display the Microsoft Access Help. F11 Display the Database window. F12 Open the - [Frontpage hotkeys and shortcuts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/frontpage/frontpage-hotkeys-shortcuts/) - Common hotkeys in FrontPage to help you be more productive FrontPage is a full-featured HTML editor. In addition to common text file editing, many other functions are included, such as table layouts, and a complete list of HTML tags. Below are the keystrokes required to perform almost any command available in FrontPage. For page designers, - [Howto search efficiently on search engines](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/howto-search-engine-efficiently/) - Efficient Online Searches I have found that many people have a hard time finding the information they want on the web. I have come up with a few pointers that seem to work well: NOTE: except for the LAST instance, quotations are used for demonstration, and not used in the actual search query. Item #4 - [Find an office 2003 product key](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/find-office2003-product-key/) - Office 2003: Finding or Changing The Product Key If you need to retrieve a product key for Office 2003, or replace it, you must refer to the System Registry. Below are the steps which need to be followed to accomplish this. Remember, serious problems might occur if you modify the registry incorrectly. 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By comparison, a - [Windows XP - Change your ip address](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/windows-xp-change-your-ip-address/) - Windows XP: How To Change The IP Address To A Static Address For Internet use, most IP addresses are assigned dynamically by the ISP. A dynamic IP address is one that changes from log-in to log-in. The reason an ISP assigns them dynamically is because there simply aren't enough IP addresses available for everyone to - [Change your screen resolution in Windows XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/change-screen-resolution-xp/) - Windows XP: How To Change The Resolution Of The Screen Screen resolution is equivalent to chaning the viewing size of the screen. Higher resolutions give sharper images, and clearer text. Keep in mind, however, that the higher the resolution, the smaller the displayed items will be. If you prefer large text and images, use a - [Change your screen resolution in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/change-your-screen-resolution-in-vista/) - VISTA: How To Change The Screen Resolution Screen resolution is equivalent to chaning the viewing size of the screen. Higher resolutions give sharper images, and clearer text. Keep in mind, however, that the higher the resolution, the smaller the displayed items will be. If you prefer large text and images, use a smaller screen size, - [Import mail from Outlook express to Outlook](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/outlook-microsoft-office-software/import-mail-from-outlook-express-to-outlook/) - Outlook: Importing Email From Outlook Express Here are the basic steps needed to import your Outlook Express email into Outlook. It is necessary that Microsoft Outlook first be configured for your email account. 1. Open your e-mail account in Microsoft Outlook. 2. Click File Menu >> Import and Export. 3. Select Import Internet Mail and - [Backup your registry in Vista or XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/backup-registry-vista-xp/) - Windows XP and VISTA: How To Backup Your Registry It's a good idea to know how to back up your system Registry. Even if System Restore Points are already activated, there may come a time when you want to force a new Restore Point to be created. Here is how it is accomplished, first in - [Firefox vs Internet Explorer IE7](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/web-browsers-and-internet/firefox-vs-internet-explorer-ie7/) - Mozilla firefox vs Internet explorer 7 Which web browser is best suited for a person's needs is a largely opinion-based decision. People have preferences which are arrived at it for a myriad of reasons. 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Click START. - [Office Normal.dot errors and repair](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/word/normaldot-errors-and-repair/) - MS OFFICE: Replace Normal.dot Repair Problems The default template in Windows Word is a fille named normal.dot. It contains many of the customization settings used when opening a new document. Becaue this file is modified fairly often, it has numerous opportunity to become corrupted. One this happens, the easiest solution is to remove the file - [Setting server mode on Windows 98](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-98-support/setting-server-mode-on-windows-98/) - Windows 98 can be made to run much faster and crash less by makeing a few adjustments here and there. One of the adjustments that can be made is setting windows 98 to use "Network Server Mode" to do this your windows 98 must have more then 24MB of physical memory. This setting will aggressively buffer data in - [SBS backup utility](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/sbs-2003/sbs-backup-utility/) - How To Use The Backup Utility In Windows Small Business Server Creating a backup of your Windows Small Business server is a relatively simple procedure. The time it will require to actually make the backup will vary from machine to machine, and depends on the size of the hard disks, how many drives are involved, - [Enable DMA mode](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-98-support/enable-dma-mode/) - Win98: Enable Direct Memory Access Direct Memory Access, or DMA, is a method which allows your computer to read or write on a drive without passing the information through the CPU first. Sometimes called bus mastering, this reduces CPU usge and can greatly speed up performance on a slower machine. 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Click Tools >> Address Book (or press - [What is the GNU public license?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/software/what-is-gnu-public-license/) - Affero GNU Public license Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, defines the The GNU Affero General Public License this way: The GNU Affero General Public License or GNU AGPL is a free software license published by the Free Software Foundation. The GNU AGPL is similar to the GNU General Public License, except that it has an additional - [What is GNU free documentation license?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/software/what-is-gnu-free-documentation-license/) - Wikipedia, which is governed by the The GNU Free Documentation License, defines it in this way: The GNU Free Documentation License (GNU FDL or simply GFDL) is a copyleft license for free documentation, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU project. 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Physical layer Always start off with - [Configure ntbackup in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/configure-ntbackup-in-vista/) - VISTA: How To Use The Backup Utility (NTBackup) < XP comes with its own backup utility known as NTbackup. While far from an ideal backup method it can be used to quickly get yourself out of trouble. NTbackup is not an imaging program but simply a file copy program. It is a more complete backup - [Configure ntbackup in XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/configure-ntbackup-xp/) - Windows XP: How To Use NTBackup Having a back up of your system will almost certainly save you hours of headache somewhere down the line. Hardware fails, files become corrupted, and accidents happen, all of which could spell disaster if you aren't prepared. Below are the step by step instructions for performing a backup in - [Configure ntbackup in Windows server](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2003-server/configure-ntbackup-in-windows-server/) - Server 2003: How To Use NTBackup Having a back up of your system will almost certainly save you hours of headache somewhere down the line. Hardware fails, files become corrupted, and accidents happen, all of which could spell disaster if you aren't prepared. Below are the step by step instructions for performing a backup in - [Intranet and Internet, whats the difference?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/intranet-internet-difference/) - What Is The Difference Between Internet And Intranet? An intranet is a network which operates on a TCP/IP system, but is generally kept private, forming an in-house internet. Corporations often use an intranet to create a community information sharing location. Users can use the intranet to be kept aware of events, deadlines, and company related - [Exchange 2003 vs 2007 Brief](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/exchange-2003-vs-2007-brief/) - Microsoft Exchange 2003 vs 2007 benefits and features Microsoft Exchange 2007 offers a number of enhancements and improvements over the 2003 version. While the user interface may take a bit of time to adjust to, the benefits far outweigh the inconvenience of this learning curve. Not only are new security features added, speed and reliability, - [Mounting an .ISO or .IMG in Windows](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/mount-iso-img-xp/) - How To Mount An ISO Or CD Image Using Daemon Tools It can be an inconvenience to use a CD for some applications or games. Likewise, some online support forums will provide ISO files for upgrades and applications. Instead of burning a new CD, you can create a "virtual" drive by mounting the ISO file. - [Free online virus scanners](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/virus-and-spyware/free-online-virus-scanners/) - Free Online Virus Scanners There are many different free online virus scanners. Two advantages to using them is that you'll always be using the latest virus update, and your copy of the software is not in danger of being corrupted if you should happen to get a virus. I will look briefly look at 4 - [Why businesses should not use free antivirus](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/virus-and-spyware/why-businesses-should-not-use-free-antivirus/) - Free or Commercial Virus Scanners - What's Best For Business? There's not much of a question here. Free scanners are an excellent fast and available way to detect a virus if you're short on time and money. They are not, however, ideally suited for use over networks, nor can they be depended on to efficiently - [what are the different types of wireless networks?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/wireless-bluetooth/what-different-types-wireless-networks/) - What Are The Different Types Of Wireless Networks Available? There are four basic types of wireless networking protocols, or standards. These are all labeled 802.11, and then identified individually by the letters A, B, G, and N. The number preface was coined by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) panel designated to set - [802.11G vs 802.11N](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/wireless-bluetooth/80211g-vs-80211n/) - Comparing Wireless G To Wireless N Of the four basic types of wireless networking standards, three bear similar characteristics. The 802.11b, or B, standard is fast being replaced by wireless G, which is in turn being overtaken by the not-yet-finalized wireless N. 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In only takes minor fluctuations in - [Xp Service Pack 3 (SP3) major fixes](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/xp-service-pack-3-sp3-major-fixes/) - Windows XP: Major Fixes In Service Pack 3 Windows XP SP3 contains a number of important fixes. This article will mention a few of the important ones, and point the way to a longer list of fixes, as well as a download site where you may download SP3. First on the list is an error - [IE7 keyboard shortcuts and hotkeys](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/web-browsers-and-internet/internet-explorer7-keyboard-shortcuts/) - Internet Explorer 7: Helpful Hotkeys In order to get the most out of your browser, it is helpful to know the Hotkeys, or keyboard shortcuts. These keystroke sequences, once learned, will save time, and promote productivity. 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If you have a machine that is secure, this might not be a problem, but if - [Seagate 1.5gb/s or 3.0gb/s jumper setting](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/seagate-15gbs-or-30gbs-jumper-setting/) - By default your Seagate hard drive will come with a jumper on the 1.5gb/s setting. Seagate ships this with their drive by default and uses this setting for hard drive diagnostics before sending to the market. If you have a SATAI (SATA1) then you can leave this jumper setting at 1.5gb/s but if you have - [Symptoms that your computer cpu is over heating](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/your-computer-over-heating/) - Computers overheating can be a real pain to figure out sometimes. There are many symtoms that can point to other problems, most overheating issues are results of simple things like airflow, fans, heat sinks and heat sink compound. Over the years we have seen some common symptoms that your CPU is over heating. 1) Your - [How hot should my CPU run?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/how-hot-should-my-cpu-run/) - how hot should your CPU run? Well it depends on what type of CPU you are running, every CPU and model run a different temperatures. The following specifications are for maximum running temperatures: Intel Pentium D (dual core) Pentium D 820 (2.8GHz) 63°C / 145.4°F Pentium D 830 and 840 (3.0-3.2GHz) 69.8°C / 157.6°F - [Disable IE from remembering passwords](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/web-browsers-and-internet/disable-ie-from-remembering-passwords/) - Internet Exploer: How To Disable The Password Saving Feature It is convenient to let Internet Explorer save your passwords for different websites, to save you time. If you share a computer with other users, or are concerned about security, you may want to configure Internet Explorer not to do this, though. Even though it will - [Setting or changing default printer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/printers/setting-or-changing-default-printer/) - Setting or changing your default printer If you only have one printer, on your computer, it is the default printer. If you have multiple printers, you are able to choose which one is used by default. Even after you have set this to a certain device, you will be able to manually choose a printer - [What is TCP/IP?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/general-networking-support/what-is-tcpip/) - What Is TCP/IP TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. This is the set of rules that govern data movement on the world wide web. 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These Hotkeys will give you instant access to many commonly used mouse commands, often saving steps in the process. General keyboard shortcuts F1 Display Help CTRL+C Copy the selected item CTRL+X Cut the selected item CTRL+V Paste the selected item CTRL+Z Undo - [administrate exchange from windows xp](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/administrate-exchange-from-windows-xp/) - Administer Exchange 2000 from Windows XP Using a Windows XP Computer to Manage Exchange 2000 Where there is no SP1 or SP1a installed on a Windows XP Pro computer it is possible to administer changes to the Exchange 2000 server. Information on what to do when Service Packs are installed, or where Exchange 2003 is - [Windows XP hotkeys and keyboard shortcuts](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/windows-xp-hotkeys-keyboard-shortcuts/) - Windows XP keyboard shortcuts Hotkeys are shortcuts that can be accessed by typing a single key, or a single combination of keys at the same time. By understanding what the different shortcuts are, you can increase productivity, and move around in programs with greater speed. Most of the common Hotkeys for Windows XP are listed - [What do you need to build a computer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/what-you-need-to-build-computer/) - Base components of every desktop computer and how to choose? An ordinary computer, while it is referred to as a single item, is composed of several pieces connected together. In addition to the CPU and motherboard, the computer doesn't become workable until it has been embellished with several other things. 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A typical SSD drive is the same size and shape as a hard drive, they even fit the hard drive bays, and connect through - [what are the different DVD formats?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/what-are-the-different-dvd-formats/) - Comparison of DVD Formats There are five distinct types for a standard red beam DVD: DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD+R, and DVD+RW. The ROM is a commercially produced disc, it can't be altered by the end-user. DVD-R and DVD+R are two different manufacturer standards, both will play commercial discs, but they won't play discs made on - [Secure encrypted chat for MSN](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/general/secure-encrypted-chat-for-msn/) - MSN: Creating Secure Chat Connections With SimpLite If you are transmitting sensitive data in MSN, there's a way to encrypt the data, and make sure that you keep your information between yourself and the people you are connecting to. 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Retail applications, antivirus software included, are designed for isolated users. A retail antiviral application is installed on - [Speed up Vista Explorer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/speed-up-vista-explorer/) - VISTA: Disabling Thumbnail Display To Speed Up Windows Explorer You can give a small performance boost to Vista by disabling thumbnails. If you do a lot of work with images, thumbnail display may come in handy, but for the rest of us, it creates a drag on system resources. Since each file has to read - [Turn off user account control](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/turn-off-user-account-control/) - VISTA: Turning off User Account Control Having to constantly verify that you want to do something gets annoying. In Windows Vista, there is a method to turn off that never-ending line of "Are you sure?" prompts. Steps 1-4 turn the prompting off, and steps 5-7 remove the warning that is displayed once UAC has been - [Exchange Server 2007 Service Pack 1 Beta](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2007/exchange-2007-service-pack-1/) - Exchange Server 2007 Service Pack 1 Beta Microsoft has announced the launched of Exchange Server 2007 Service Pack 1 Beta. It’s enhancements are as follows: 1. The new service pack 1 Beta has a built in log file shipping that can keep a standby server up to date. 2. Some OCS 2007 and other qualified - [add footer to every exchange message](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/add-footer-to-every-exchange-message/) - How Can I add A Paragraph Of Text To Every E-mail That Leaves My exchange Server? One of the most common questions in exchange server is how to add text to every email that leaves the exchange server such as disclaimer email or legal notice email. 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This is to make sure that your pc meets all he requirements needed - [What is a router?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/general-networking-support/what-is-a-router/) - What is a router and how are they used A router is a device which organizes a network, and provides the functions of network traffic control. Each computer or other device on a network is called a node, and each node communicates with all other parts of the network by transferring information through a central - [What is a Secure SSL certificate?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/general/what-is-a-secure-ssl-certificate/) - what is an SSL certificate and how does work with my web browser Secure Socket Layer (SSL) encryption was originally developed by Netscape to promote web commerce. In the mid-1990's, as more and more companies realized they had products that could be sold efficiently over the internet, problems began to arise from hackers and scams - [What is open source?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/linux/what-is-open-source/) - What Is Open Source? Open Source is a means by which software is developed as a collaboration between widely diverse segments of the digital community. By individual contributors making their source code available to anyone who wishes to further develop that code, or to use that code in developing enhancements or add-ons, cultural boundaries are - [Windows mail hotkeys](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/windows-mail-hotkeys/) - VISTA: Common Windows Mail Hotkeys When using Windows Mail, you can save time by learning a few simple keyboard shortcuts. These hotkeys allow you to use common commands without having to fumble through menus in search of the correct item to click with a mouse. As you can imagine, this can significantly improve productivity and - [Vista SP1 overview](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/vista-sp1-overview/) - VISTA: Features And Fixes In SP1 Windows Vista Sevice Pack 1, or SP1, contains more than 500 hotfixes, features, and security patches. From mundane items that no one would have ever noticed, to major patches which correct important flaws, SP1 is a valuable addition to Vista. With features in 26 categories ranging from application compatibility - [USB2 vs Firewire](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/usb2-vs-firewire/) - USB2 Vs Firewire Comparison The current hot contenders for portable device architectures are Firewire, and USB 2.0. While theoritical performance of USB offers it greater throughput, these numbers are a bit deceiving, as we'll see. IEEE 1394, or Friewire, uses peer-to-peer connectivity, while USB 2.0 uses the other dominant method, master-slave networking. Let's take a - [What is BGP? - an overview](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/routers/what-is-bgp-overview/) - What Is BGP? This brief Overview Explains Its Importance Boder Gateway Protocol, or BGP, is the swtching system of the internet in many ways. Through BGP, each supernetwork, or connected group of networks, is able to determine what other supergroups are available for data excahange. This is the level where IP routing is handled, down - [What is PGP for email encryption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/general/what-is-pgp-for-email-encryption/) - Email: What Is PGP And How Can I Use It For Email? PGP is commonly referred to as "Pretty Good Protection", and is the most common form of encryption used for secure messaging. It emplys a standard 2 key system, and was first designed by Phil Zimmerman in the mid-1990's. Since then, there has been - [Why upgrade to the new Windows server 2008?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2008-server/why-upgrade-to-the-new-windows-server-2008/) - Top 10 Reasons To Upgrade To Windows Server 2008 The long awaited new version of Microsoft Windows Server 2008 is now available. With a newly customizable admin interface, this version is touted as being more secure, faster, and more versatile than Server 2003. The following list of reasons to upgrade are significantly condensed from the - [Slow logging onto windows XP on a domain](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/slow-logging-onto-xp-domain/) - Slow logging onto domain - Loading personal settings hangs For some reason some machine on a network we where working on that recently migrated profiles back onto the main DC started having slow logons where it sat at "loading personal settings" for 5 minuites or more. More often then none this is a network related - [Basic Cisco ASA 5500 Configuration](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/pix-asa/basic-cisco-asa-5500-configuration/) - Basic ASA 5500 firewall configuration with NAT As with all products, configuring is important in the initial setup of a new equipment, including switches, routers. and firewalls. The ASA 5500 configures itself automatically when using the ASDM. The procedure below outlines how to initially set up a ASA 5500 firewall. ASA 5500 Configuration 1. Start - [PIX 515 configuration with NAT](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/pix-asa/pix-515-configuration-with-nat/) - Basic PIX 515 firewall configuration with NAT Out of the Box, the PIX 515 is configured to serve most small and medium businesses. A default DHCP server address pool is included with the unit. By default from the factory the 515 is set to protect a network from unsolicited traffic. To change configuration setting use - [Hide drives in XP - My Computer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/hide-drives-my-computer/) - Hide drive letters or shares in My Computer There are 2 reasons why you would want to hide the drive letters in my computer the first being security, you might want to limit the viewing of specific drives to the public or users. The second reason (and a strange one) is the multiple mappings of - [Cisco Catalyst 3500XL basic configuration](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/switches-cisco/cisco-catalyst-3500xl-basic-configuration/) - Basic Cisco 3500XL switch configuration The Cisco 3500XL switch has a few ways to manage IP addresses. One of these ways is to use the setup program, and the other is to manually enter and remove IP addresses. The procedure below will describe the second method. On the Cisco 3500XL VLAN management is also possible - [CatOS basic show commands](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/switches-cisco/catos-basic-show-commands/) - Basic show commands on a Cisco CATOS based switch Show commands are used as one time commands to show various properties or pieces of information about the current configuration on a system. Before knowing the actual show commands, there are certain fundamental rules to keep in mind; first off, all commands use a command line - [Slow logging onto domain - System crashes or hangs on logout](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/slow-logon-domain-crashes-hangs-logout/) - Environment Variables: XP PRO on a 2003 domain, Roaming profiles, Outlook PST in "My Documents" not in the standard local settings. On a recent site visit we had a clients computer hanging on "Loading your personal settings" for 5-10 minuites and crashing the system when logging out. We initially thought this was a profile related - [Disable shared folder caching](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/disable-shared-folder-caching/) - This is in relation to the article explaining slow logon times and system crashing when logging off due to a duplication of outlook files into Prf*.tmp files Original Microsoft article: SYMPTOMS Your roaming profile may accumulate extra files named Prf*.tmp, and the following error message may be logged in the Application event log: Event Type: - [Basic show commands for IOS](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/switches-cisco/basic-show-commands-for-ios/) - Basic show commands on a Cisco IOS based switch Show commands are used as one time commands to show various properties or pieces of information about the current configuration on a system. Before knowing the actual show commands, there are certain fundamental rules to keep in mind; first off, all commands use a command line - [Cisco ASA firewall overview](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/pix-asa/cisco-asa-firewall-overview/) - Cisco ASA Firewall overview Cisco ASA firewalls are the newest technology in firewall solutions put out by Cisco, they are currently replacing PIX firewalls as well. ASA stands for Adaptive Security Appliances, being both a firewall and an anti-malware appliance. The ASA algorithm is not to be confused with stateful packet filtering, the adaptive security - [Cisco PIX firewall overview](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/pix-asa/cisco-pix-firewall-overview/) - Cisco PIX firewall overview Cisco PIX firewall is an older technology that is currently being replaced by ASA firewalls. PIX firewall is a dedicated firewall that does not serve any other purposes such as a sensor or a concentrator, as the ASA firewalls do. Cisco PIX firewall models come in the 500 series of appliances - [Cisco PIX vs ASA](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/pix-asa/cisco-pix-vs-asa/) - Cisco PIX vs ASA; what are the differences and benefits? Cisco PIX is being replaced by ASA firewalls for a number of reasons. The main reason being that even though PIX was a breakthrough firewall during its time, its technology is becoming more and more outdated. Stateful packet filtering alone is not enough to protect - [Default passwords for routers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/general/default-passwords-for-routers/) - Default passwords for routers Passwords are a huge part of any network; they help to keep areas secure. They also help to keep people who are not authorized from changing settings and potentially ruining a whole network. When a router is purchased, it is not exempt from passwords and therefore, some passwords come preloaded onto - [Default ip address ranges and subnetting overview](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/general-networking-support/default-ip-address-ranges-subnetting-overview/) - IP Address Ranges And Subnetting Every peripheral connected to a TCP/IP network gets assigned an IP address. This address is a 32 bit number that identifies the peripheral on a network. In short, this address helps the router send the information packet to the correct host. Besides the IP address, subnet masks are required for - [Sharepoint services basic features](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/sharepoint/sharepoint-services-basic-features/) - Microsoft SharePoint “out of the box” features and benefits to your company Microsoft SharePoint offers many features and can benefit your company in many ways. SharePoint offers collaborative workspaces, portal connecting, and social computing tools. These three combined help to reduce cost by using existing networks and not having the need to create new ones - [Add a footer to every email in exchange](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2007/add-footer-email-exchange/) - Add Footer to all Outgoing Mail Formatting Exchange Server Emails to add a disclaimer or legal notice footer to every sent mail Adding footers is possible, although the method used is dependant on the version of Exchange that is being utilised. In general terms though, the simplest method is to make use of an application - [MSSQL versions overview](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/mssql/mssql-versions-overview/) - Microsoft SQL version review Microsoft SQL server is offered in two different editions, like many Microsft products. The basic version is SQL Server Standard (SSS), the more upscale and feature rich version is referred to as SQL Server Enterprise (SSE). SSS is a server that is complete for the needs it was designed for. It - [Network printers vs USB printers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/printers/network-printers-vs-usb-printers/) - Network printers vs. USB printers A Network printer is a printer that connects directly to the network either by Ethernet cable or wirelessly. A network printer can be shared and used by everyone connected to the network. An advantage of this is that a company does not have to have a printer for every computer; - [Overview of server 2008](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/2008-server/overview-of-server-2008/) - New features in Small business server 2008 When Microsoft releases Small Business Server 2008, it wall have many new features as opposed to the previous edition. Microsoft Small Business Server 2008 will have a built in anti-virus and anti-spam 120 day trial subscriptions to Microsoft Forefront Security for Exchange Server and Windows Live OneCare for - [Commercial grade Linux monitoring systems](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/linux/server/commercial-grade-linux-monitoring-systems/) - Overview of commercial grade linux network monitoring systems Linux has been a long time producer of open source, free or low cost, programs, servers, monitoring applications, and operating systems. Linux has come out with a number of commercial grade applications that either meet or exceed the capabilities of applications released by major companies such as - [Sonicwall PRO series firewalls](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/sonicwall/sonicwall-pro-series-firewalls/) - SonicWALL comparing the PRO series of firewalls The PRO series of SonicWALL is an enhanced version of the TZ series, certified by the ICSA. Every model in the PRO line can outperform the best model in the TZ series. The Pro line comes standard with its bottom three models having Standard SonicOS and its top - [Sonicwall TZ series firewall](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/sonicwall/sonicwall-tz-series-firewall/) - SonicWALL comparing the TZ Series of firewalls According to the company, “The SonicWALL TZ Series is the ideal total security platform for home, small and remote/branch offices, providing a compelling blend of ease-of-use for basic networks and unsurpassed flexibility for more complex networks”. There are different models in the TZ series ranging from the TZ - [What is a switch?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/switches/what-is-a-switch/) - What is a switch and what types of switches exist Networks are segmented into various parts and held together by switches. Switches can be used to connect different types of networks together, like an ATM machine connected into the network of a retail store; a switch would be used for that purpose. Switches have many - [What is the most popular Linux?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/linux/server/the-most-popular-linux/) - What is the most popular version of Linux and the most popular Linux Distribution? Linux has come out with many versions over the years. These versions vary from easy user interfaces to complicated versions where a lot of learning is required to use. Ubuntu, PCLinuxOS and MEPIS are the easiest user friendly versions that can - [Linux main databases](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/linux/database/linux-main-databases/) - Overview of Linux databases Linux, being a favorite among open source programming, releases many different types of applications. All Linux applications are open source and free to have and redistribute. Linux databases are no exception. 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Once these items are obtained one of the - [Reset passwords on a catalyst switch](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/switches-cisco/reset-passwords-catalyst-switch/) - Recovering resetting passwords for Cisco Catalyst switches Password recovery is possible and can be done following the procedure described below. Note that the procedure below is only for the Cisco Catalyst Layer 2 fixed configuration switches 2900XL/3500XL, 2940, 2950/2955, 2960, and 2970 Series, as well as the Cisco Catalyst Layer 3 fixed configuration switches 3550, - [Setting backbonefast on a Cisco switch](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/switches-cisco/backbonefast-cisco-switch/) - Setting backbonefast on a Cisco switch and what does it mean? Backbonefast is a Cisco feature that can save up to 20 seconds when a switch recovers from an indirect link failure. For backbone fast to work it must be enable on all switches of the bridge network. Backbone fast can be enabled in both - [Recover password from Cisco ASA firewall](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/pix-asa/recover-password-cisco-asa-firewall/) - Recovering password from Cisco ASA firewall Lost passwords on from a Cisco ASA firewall can be recovered without having to re-image the device. This procedure will only work when running version 6.0 or older, you can not recover a password from a 5.0 version. The third method can be used if you lock out due - [Setting portfast on a cisco switch](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/switches-cisco/setting-portfast-cisco-switch/) - Setting port fast on a Cisco switch and what does it mean? Cisco’s answer to connectivity delays is port fast. When port fast is enabled it can help reduce the time it takes a PC to get a response. For example, if a Pc usually receives a response from the network in 30 to 35 - [Setting uplinkfast on a Cisco switch](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/cisco/switches-cisco/setting-uplinkfast-cisco-switch/) - Setting uplinkfast on a cisco switch and what does it mean? Cisco switches use uplink fast to improve the convergence time of the STP due to an uplink failure. The UplinkFast feature is supported on Cisco Catalyst 4500/4000, 5500/5000, and 6500/6000 series switches running CatOS. This feature is also supported on Catalyst 4500/4000 and 6500/6000 - [Whats the difference between Fast Ethernet and gigabit](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/general-networking-support/difference-between-fastethernet-gigabit/) - The difference between 100mb/s (fast Ethernet) and 1000mb/s (gigabit) network cards Fast Ethernet cards connect to networks at a rate of 100 Mbps while Gigabit network cards can connect at speeds up to 1000mb/s. The main difference between the two is speed. 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You may recall that RGP, or Border gateway Patrol, provides routing as it leaves a network, and travels between routers. OSPF provides the - [Email encryption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/file/email-encryption/) - Industry Standard Encryptions For Email Being able to send and receive email in a safe, untampered environment is crucial to successful online business practices. This is handled in a number of ways, from the personal level all the way up to and including the servers which transport mail. There are standards for encryption that provide - [Open office vs Microsoft Office](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/openoffice-vs-microsoft-office/) - Open Office vs Office 2007 compatibility and features The debate over superiority rages on. Mircosoft Office 2007 (MSO) stands tall and strong in one corner, and OpenOffice.org (OOo) holds a respectable following in the other. 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Even if you never need to import one, you'll at least be assured that you don't lose untold amounts of information via unexpected computer malfunctions. We recommend keeping all back up data on a CD or DVD, and - [Backing up Outlook email](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/outlook-microsoft-office-software/backing-up-outlook-email/) - Outlook 2003/2007 backing up email to a pst file Since you never know when a piece of hardware will fail, and whether that failure is going to result in lost data, the safe thing to do is to make frequent backups of your Outlook data. Another excellent use of a .pst backup is the ability - [Solid state vs SATA drives](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/solidstate-vs-sata-harddrive/) - Solid state flash hard drives vs traditional SATA platter drives Solid State Drives (SSDs) are the buzz word in data stroage these days. 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The built-in operating system is gOS, a derivative of Linux OS, further adding to the impression of working on a full sized machine. - [Nokia N810 review](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/nokia-n810-review/) - Nokia N810 - Compact Tablet Computer The smallest of Nokia's tablet computers to date, the N810 adds a more streamlined design than previous models. With a sliding keyboard which includes a directional pad, and most of the buttons moved off of the face of the unit, it is an attractive ultra small pocket computing device. - [OQO computer review](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/oqo-computer-review/) - Mobile ultra subcompact computers – OQO A little more expensive than its competitors the OQO is perhaps the closest imitation of a full-sized laptop in UMPC form. It's operating speed is comparable to what could be expected in a larger machine, and it offers such productivity enhancements as Microsoft Office Small Business Edition, allowing an - [Removal instructions for antivirxp08](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/virus-and-spyware/removal-instructions-for-antivirxp08/) - Anti Vir XP 08 AntiVirXP08 is a nasty trojan that is commonly downloaded as trojan included as part of a video codec. An unsuspecting user downloads the codec, such as DivX, from what appears to be a dependable site, and AntiVir XP 08 installs itself as part of the codec installation. 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The first list of HTML commands - [Basic HTML tutorial part 2](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/basic-html-tutorial-part-2/) - HTML basic tags A simple web page can be written in a conventional text editor, such as Notepad. the original implementation of html used a defined table of basic tags to modify the content of a document for viewing. When called for display, the server would look at the header, determine any special handling instructions, - [Mapping network shares in XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-xp/mapping-network-shares-xp/) - Mapping a network share in XP It is not difficult to add a folder or drive from the network to your computer. For basic sharing with all other users on the network, the following seven simple steps will do the trick. If, on the other hand, you want to only allow certain users to access - [Set Excel to auto save in 2003 format](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/excel/set-excel-auto-save-2003-format/) - Office 2007 Excel and Word setting the default save method for office 2003 compatible Microsoft introduced a brand new default file format for Office 2007. The new format, docx, is incompatible not only with applications produced by other vendors, but it's also useless for users of Office/Word 2003. What does this mean to the average - [Archiving the SCL Rating in Intelligent Message Filter](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/archiving-scl-rating-intelligent-message-filter/) - Archiving the SCL Rating in Intelligent Message Filter Archiving the Intelligent Message Filter Spam Confidence Level rating in Exchange 2003 The IMF, or Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Message Filter, has been designed to assist in the reduction of spam. 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The disappearance of the - [Add ssl certificate to pocketPC](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/outlook-microsoft-office-software/add-ssl-certificate-pocketpc/) - How To Add Root Certificate To My Windows Mobile 2003 Pocket PC? Here are the steps in adding the root certificate to your Windows Mobile 2003 Pocket PC: 1. Try to expert first the root certificate in with a file name extension of .CER. 2. try to export the Root certificate if you are using - [Manage exchange with system manager tool](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/manage-exchange-system-manager-tool/) - How To Manage An Exchange 2003 server from a Workstation with Windows 2000/2003/xp? Here are the steps to follow in order to manage Exchange 2003 server from a pc with windows 2000/2003/xp: You need to install the Exchange system management tool. This is to make sure that your pc meets all he requirements needed Install - [Open source free operating systems - Windows alternatives](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/linux/linux-desktop/opensource-free-operating-systems/) - Open source Operating Systems - Windows alternatives Open Source software is a computer application, a suite of applications released with source code available. The idea is that access to the source code of a program should be a right to the users of the programs. This makes it much easier for someone to write companion - [Linux LAMP an overview](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/linux/apache/linux-lamp-an-overview/) - Open source software LAMP For Linux-like OS users, LAMP is a familiar acronym. It originally stood for [L]inux [A]pache [M]ySQL [P]erl, although the [P] is now commonly used to stand for PHP, Python, or Programming languages rather than being limited to Perl scripting. This constitutes a complete web server package, and is remarkable in that - [Open source free web browsers - IE alternatives](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/open-source-free-web-browsers-ie-alternatives/) - Open source software Web Browsers One of today's leading web browsers, if not the most popular, is Mozilla Firefox. An excellent piece of programming in its own right, Firefox has the privilege of being directly descended from the web browser that changed the face of not only the internet, but how business is done in - [Bandwidth and data transmission chart](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/general-networking-support/bandwidth-and-data-transmission-chart/) - Overview of data mesurment Data measurement in a computer is done based on their binary origins. The very history of the personal computer can be traced in these numbers as they've pushed back computational boundaries again and again. Today's top Hard drives can hold more than a TeraByte of data, a numbered that was nearly - [Howto use a proxy in your web browser](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/howto-use-web-browser-proxy/) - What is a proxy and how to use it in web browsers A proxy, in plain English, is a shield between a computer and the rest of the world. Information leaving the computer must be sent through the proxy, which then relays to the information to other computer on the network, or to the Internet. - [Openoffice the microsoft office killer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/word/openoffice-the-microsoft-office-killer/) - Open source software OpenOffice OpenOffice.org (OOo) is a suite of productivity applications crated in Open Source, and expressly intended to end Microsoft's domination of the field with their Microsoft Office suite of applications. Because the name Open Office was already owned, the ".org" was appended to the name. 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By using a larger cache, you can store more of these temporary pages, and by clearing it, you force - [Setting cache size in Internet Explorer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/setting-cache-size-internet-explorer/) - Setting cache size in Internet explorer Internet Explorer keeps a temporary record of all pages, images, and other information you load into your browser. This is done to speed up the performance, since IE can reload these files from the cache when you reload the site, rather than downloading all of the information again. This - [What is Binary? - howto read binary](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/general-networking-support/howto-read-binary-basics/) - How to read binary If you are going to work with computers, you are going to be exposed to binary numbering. There's no way around this, as the base 2 (binary) math system is the basic language used in all computing, from the lowliest 8-bit to the most advanced 128-bit systems. The "bit", is, itself, - [Securing your computer from hackers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/general/securing-your-computer-from-hackers/) - keeping your computer secure by installing antispyware, antivirus and firewall As with so many things in life, the first step in protecting your computer is to approaching everything you do with forethought and using certain precautions. But also like other aspects in life, no matter how much you try to plan for the uncertainties, you - [Basic HTML frames howto](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/basic-html-frames-howto/) - HTML basic frames Where tables allow a web designer to create a miniature web page within a larger page, using HTML frames picks up and makes each of those pages operate independently, loading different information into each frame, and even calling that information to be changed from still a different frame. 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Here there should be a “Messages” tab that allows for an entry to be added to the “Send a copy of NDR’s to”, - [Howto Quickly Open and Send a New Email Message](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/outlook-microsoft-office-software/howto-quickly-open-and-send-a-new-email-message/) - Methods to Quickly Open and Send a New Email Message Method 1 – The Outlook Method The quickest way to send an email message is to make use of the mailto command. This can be done using the Run command from the Start menu. Typing “mailto” into the text box and confirming will open - [Do not install Exchange Server 2003 on a Domain Controller](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2007/install-exchange-domain-controller/) - Do not install Exchange Server 2003 on a Domain Controller computer Attempting to install Exchange Server 2003 onto a Domain Controller computer does create problems, including performance issues. The server cannot be a cluster. Exchange Server 2003 clusters which co-exist alongside Active Directory Servers will not be supported by Microsoft The server cannot just - [block incomming mail to a group of users](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/block-incomming-mail-user-group/) - Block Incoming Internet Mail to Specific Users or Groups Blocking Incoming Internet Mail in Exchange 2003 This may be especially relevant when it comes to blocking all incoming Internet mail traffic to an individual user or group. 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Here is the error in Plesk: Unable to make action: Unable to manage service by dnsmng: dnsmng: Service named failed to start 0: /usr/local/psa/admin/htdocs/server/restart_services.php:19 psaerror(string "Unable to make action: Unable to manage service by dnsmng: dnsmng: Service named failed to start") - [Change imap banner in exchange](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/change-imap-banner-exchange/) - Change the IMAP4 Banner Changing the IMAP4 banner as Displayed when Connecting to the Exchange Server A banner similar to that listed below will normally appear when connecting to Exchange 2000 or 2003 server through the Internet Message Access Protocol, or IMAP. • OK Microsoft Exchange Server 2003 IMAP4rev1 server version 6.5.6944.0 (your_server_name) ready More - [Exchange server versions](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/exchange-server-versions/) - Build Numbers and Release Dates for Exchange Server Products Exchange Server Build Numbers and Release Product Dates Every version of Microsoft Exchange Server comes with a different build number, and it is a number that is altered when Service Packs are installed. 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Because it has better video memory and capacity, Intel has more ability to withstand the heavy requirements of - [Choosing your Video Card](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/choosing-your-video-card/) - Fact: There is NO such thing as the “best” video card for a computer, only the most appropriate one for a particular computer. You would laugh at the number of people who ended up spending too much on video cards that can’t be supported by their not-so-latest PCs or those who get stuck with cheap - [What Router Should I Get?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/routers/what-router-should-i-get/) - Picking the right kind of router for your situation is an important task because you will have different needs from others who will also be using a router. While there’s no such thing as the best router, we can come up with the next best thing – the one you are most likely need.There are - [Five Features of WordPress](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/five-features-of-wordpress/) - Many online writers and bloggers are actually moving their virtual offices to WordPress today because of its features. Here are some of them: Free. Wordpress costs you nothing. After signing up within less than a few minutes, you already get 3 GB worth of storage at your disposal. Just imagine what publishers could do with - [Google Docs and OpenOffice.org](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/google-docs-and-openofficeorg/) - Google Docs and OpenOffice.org are actually two office applications that can work well together. Google Docs is a web-based office freeware that lets users work on documents, presentations, and spreadsheets online that could be imported, exported and emailed, while OpenOffice.org is a free versatile offline office suite – sort of like a free version of - [Google Docs vs. Microsoft Office Live](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/google-docs-vs-microsoft-office-live/) - Which would you choose: Google’s Google Docs or Microsoft’s Office Live Space? There’s really no hard and fast rule on this issue, but a short comparison of the features might help in case-to-case bases. Storage Space. Office Live promises 500 MB of disk space. Google Docs, on the other hand, gives users a total of - [What Google Docs Features](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/what-google-docs-features/) - Google Docs is a web-based office suite that includes a word processor, presentation, and spreadsheet and form application created by Google. With this application, users can create a variety of documents while at the same time connecting with people online. When it comes to what Google Docs features, here are the ones that are undisputed - [Google Android System Requirements](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/google-android-system-requirements/) - Based on Linux Kernel, Google Android is a special operating system designed for mobile devices that was developed by Google and Open Handset Alliance. Thanks to the Open handset Alliance, this great little mobile OS came with a handful of useful applications that made the Google Android even more popular. But in order for you - [Windows 7 System Requirements](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-7-microsoft/windows-7-system-requirements/) - While Windows 7 did come later than Windows Vista, the system requirements for Win7 aren’t heavier. If anything, they were less because of the fact that any people complained about sluggish moments that Vista gave computer performance. Processor: You need a 32-bit or 64-bit processor with 1 GHz System Memory: Your system memory must - [Vista Minimum Requirements](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/vista-minimum-requirements/) - Getting ready to upgrade to Windows Vista? Well then make sure that your computer or laptop can take the load of the OS’ system requirements before you actually take anything out of your current computer settings: Processor: Your processor must have either 1 GHz 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x64) processor for all types of Windows - [Mircosoft Server 2008: System Requirements](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/mircosoft-server-2008-system-requirements/) - If you’re wondering why your Microsoft Server looks limited or is acting funny, check the minimum requirements. That’s usually the reason why your computer can’t handle the system. Here’s a list straight from their home base: Processor: 1GHz/x86 processor or 1.4 GHz/x64 processor, but Itanium based systems will need an Itanium 2. Memory: The minimum - [Microsoft Office Features](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/microsoft-office-features/) - If you haven’t gotten accustomed to using MS Office yet, then you might be missing out a lot. Regardless of what version you are using (except for the really, really old ones, of course) MS Office has a lot of perks that you can make work for you. MS Office is a suite, which means - [OpenOffice.org vs. Microsoft Office](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/openofficeorg-vs-microsoft-office/) - When OpenOffice.org came in to compete with Microsoft Office, there were some distinctions between the two that made people think twice before choosing either one. Here are some common concepts: Is it free? OpenOffice.org is while Microsoft Office isn’t. This was a MAJOR consideration for those who really couldn’t afford licenses and updates. But of - [Core-features of OpenOffice.org 3.0](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/software/core-features-of-openofficeorg-30/) - Guess what: the OpenOffice.org 3.0 version is actually rich with brand new features for the OpenOffice.org patron. Here’s a taste of some of the core features of this great writing application: Mac OS X Support. Now OpenOffice.org can run on Mac without the help of the X11. This also integrates well with the Mac’s accessibility - [Three Great Apps for Firefox 4](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/web-browsers-and-internet/three-great-apps-for-firefox-4/) - Looks like Mozilla Firefox isn’t getting left behind in the browser popularity race. After being hailed with the Guinness Book of Records with the most downloads in one day, this browser holds up to its quality as a browser with its top three featured applications in the new Firefox 4: Prism. This application allows users - [Check Out Internet Explorer 8](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/web-browsers-and-internet/check-out-internet-explorer-8/) - Have you been to loyal to the Internet Explorer and all its wonderful browsing features? Then you’ll definitely want to check out the Internet Explorer 8’s new features. While in short they’ve made the browser faster, easier and safer than ever, here are some of the specific additions to the browser: Accelerators. IE 8 actually - [Google Chrome 2.x](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/web-browsers-and-internet/google-chrome-2x/) - Got the new Google Chrome 2.x? After hitting the World Wide Web a little over a month ago, Google Chrome jumps from version 1.x to 2.x. Here are a couple of things you might like to hear about this particular version: New Webkit version – The new version of Webkit now supports a couple of - [Anticipating Internet Explorer 9](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/web-browsers-and-internet/anticipating-internet-explorer-9/) - It hasn’t been long since Internet Explorer 8 has been available and functioning and people are already thinking about Internet Explorer 9. While it isn’t really the time to forget the wonderful things that the IE 8 promises its loyal consumers when it opens to the public fully, the major concerns of jumping to its - [Windows Vista vs. Windows 7](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/windows-vista-vs-windows-7/) - We have all heard by now that Windows 7 is based on the Vista operating system. But if it is going to stand as an OS in its own right, it will have to improve on its older sibling. We did some research, and came up with this shortlist of comparisons based on features of - [Picking the best sound card](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/sound-and-video/picking-the-best-sound-card/) - Sound enriches everybody’s experience with the computer. Whether it’s about listening to music in general, editing audio as amateurs or professionals, or playing video games, being able to hear good quality sound is a good thing to any computer user. This is why picking the best sound card for your computer is important. Of course, - [Three Recommended Network Printers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/three-recommended-network-printers/) - In a list of recommended printers for specific types of computers, here are the three most recommended models: Brother HL-2170W Laser. This was released about a year ago, and it is appreciated for its compactness while being able to quickly print good quality pages for three computers in a network. Canon MX850. This printer can - [Different Types of RAM](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/different-types-of-ram/) - There have been different kinds of RAM that have been developed through the years, and knowing how they differ from another can help you in so many ways. Fast Page Mode (FPM) RAM This is a kind of Dynamic RAM (DRAM) that can access data on the same page with very little latency. 486 and - [Cisco: PC Connection Guide](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/outlook-microsoft-office-software/cisco-pc-connection-guide/) - Here’s how to connect your PC to your Cisco Router or Switch using the cable and adapter that comes with the device: If it isn’t done yet (as in the case of one piece kits), connect your RJ 45 adapter with the 9 pin which then goes to the COM 1 port. Insert the RJ - [Optimum Resolutions for Monitors](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/sound-and-video/optimum-resolutions-for-monitors/) - Back then it was so easy to pick out the right resolution for your computer screens simply because there were few choices to go through and these choices were more or less compatible with any kind of monitor. But technology has led us to want to be able to see more things on your screen, - [A Closer Look at Routers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/routers/a-closer-look-at-routers/) - Routers are computer devices used by networks in order to route, re-route, and forwarding information to other members of that network. One of the most common examples is the internet, where one connection is shared by an entire network with the help of a router. Perhaps one good way to understand routers better is to - [Remove Duplicate Outlook Calendar Entries](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/remove-duplicate-outlook-calendar-entries/) - With all the versions that Microsoft Outlook has gone through over the years, you’d think that (1) they’d notice this unusual duplication glitch that bothers a lot of their users, and (2) they would finally develop its own duplicate removal tool that could be downloaded off the internet (assuming that they have a reason why - [Outlook: Duplicates in Mailbox](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft-software/outlook-microsoft-office-software/outlook-duplicates-in-mailbox/) - While there have been ways for us to be able to get rid of its duplicated stuff manually in all cases of duplication in Microsoft Outlook (a.k.a. listing them down and deleting them), there are actually ways of preventing further duplications from happening in your mailbox, which is where most of the activity usually lies. - [USB 1.1 vs. 2.0](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/usb-11-vs-20/) - Everybody uses USB nowadays – for mobile storage, printers, scanners and other accessories. Back then we worked with the USB 1.1. Now we have an upgrade to 2.0.The question is: which is better, the USB 1.1 or USB 2.0?We have to look into four specific players, namely (1) 1.1 USB cables, (2) 1.1 USB ports, - [Wireless Keyboards: Infrared vs. Bluetooth](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/wireless-bluetooth/wireless-keyboards-infrared-vs-bluetooth/) - When choosing your wireless keyboard there are actually so many things to consider, and this includes the medium used for wireless connectivity such as Bluetooth or infrared. This, of course, is not always the deciding factor because there might be other perks of the choice that will make you overlook less significant downsides to a - [Scheduling your Performance Monitoring](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/scheduling-your-performance-monitoring/) - Once you have gotten used to running performance logs and have eventually become familiar with its features, you will want to be able to use the perfmon.exe function in your computer on a regular basis such that it serves your needs.Some people, especially those maintaining computers in the office would normally set the program to - [Running Performance Monitor](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/running-performance-monitor/) - Learning how to create logs through perfmon.exe will help you to better identify network bottlenecks in your system. And in running performance monitor tasks, your goal is to create a log which you can interpret later on. Here’s how:Make your way through System Monitor> Performance Logs> Alerts> Counter Logs so you can create your first - [Looking at your Performance Logs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/looking-at-your-performance-logs/) - The key to being able to make use of your Performance Monitor (perfmon.exe) is to know how interpret logs. Knowing what they mean will help you point out the bottlenecks that exist in your system.First you have to stop your running perfmon.exe. Right click on the green button and have it stop.Click on the Log - [FileZilla Basics](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/filezilla-basics/) - FileZilla is a good and easy to use FTP Client, which will allow you to transfer files between local computers and remote servers much better. Here’s a rundown on using the application for the first time:1.Open FileZilla and a window will open with several smaller windows inside. The one on top will show commands and - [Filezilla Windows FTP Server](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/general-windows-server/filezilla-windows-ftp-server/) - FileZilla is a good and easy to use FTP Server for Windows, which will allow you to run a server with user and group permissions outside of IIS which by default does no support group permissions. Filezilla server is free and can be downloaded from the FileZilla Website. This free robust FTP server software can - [Basic Computer Maintenance Habits](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/basic-computer-maintenance-habits/) - Nothing ever really lasts. Eventually your computer will get old and give in, and there’s nothing you can do about it. But what you CAN do is to make the most of your computer by making it last longer. Here are some habits that you should develop in order to keep your computer in good - [Create an Auto playlist](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/create-an-auto-playlist/) - Point to library, click the down arrow, and choose Create Auto Playlist from the drop/downmenu to display the ne auto playlist dialog box. Type a name for the playlist click to specify the criteria you want to use to assemble the playlist. click each underlined item to specify conditions for that criterion. click to add - [View multiple web pages](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/view-multiple-web-pages/) - An important new feature in internet exprorer is the ability it fives you to keep multiple web pages open at the same time, each on its own tab. That way, you can leave a page In internet exprlorer, click a tab to view that web page. Click the quick tabs button if you want - [How to find a Web Page](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/how-to-find-a-web-page/) - You do most of your navegation on the internet using the hyperlings, that are located on Web pages and in search results. When you click a link, an internet address is sent to your web browser, which looks for the Web site and then displays the requested page. after you've located a web page, you - [Sharing Media on Your Network](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/general-networking-support/sharing-media-on-your-network/) - Set Up Sharing With Windows Media Player running, click the Library down arrow, and choose Media Sharing from the drop-down menu to display the Media Sharing dialog box. Select the items you want to share. Click OK, and confirm that you want to share the media. Specify with whom you want to share the media, - [Control the Synchronization Setting](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/pc-general/control-the-synchronization-setting/) - Click the Sync tab down arrow, point to the device on the drop-down menu, and choose Advanced Options from the submenu to display the Properties dialog box for the device. Select this option if you want the synchronization from filling up the entire device. Use the slider if you want to prevent the synchronization from - [Creating a Custom Movie](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/sound-and-video/creating-a-custom-movie/) - Set Up the Movie Start Movie Maker from the Start menu, if the Collections pane isn't displayed, click the Show or Hide Collections button. Select the collection that contains the video clips you want to use. Select the first video clip to be shown in the movie. Drag the clip onto the first frame of - [Setting Your Home Page or Pages](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/setting-your-home-page-or-pages/) - Set the Home Page or Pages Use Internet Explorer to go to the page you want to use as your home page. If you want to designate additional pages as a new home-page tab set, open the other pages on their own tabs. Click the Home button down arrow, and choose Add or Change Home - [Talking to the Mouse](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/sound-and-video/talking-to-the-mouse/) - Use the Grid With speech recognition running and listening, say "Mouse Grid" to display the large grid. Say the number that identifies the region you want to work in to display a small grid for that region. In the smaller grid, do any of the following : Say "Click" to click in the middle of - [Creating a Sound File](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/sound-and-video/creating-a-sound-file/) - Record Sounds Start Sound Recorder from the Start menu. Click the Start Recording button, and record the sounds you want. Click Stop Recording when you've finished. If you've completed the recording, use the Save As dialog box to save the sound file with the name you want in the location you want. If you want - [Holding a Wireless Meeting](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/networking-support/general-networking-support/holding-a-wireless-meeting/) - Create the Meeting Using a computer that isn't connected to a network. start Windows Meeting Spac, and start a new meeting. Enter a name and password for the meeting. Click options. Select this check box to create an ad hoc network, verify that the country or region is correct, and click OK. Click the Create - [Setting Your Password](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/general/setting-your-password/) - Create a Password Click the Start button, and click your account picture to display the User Accounts window for your account. In the User Account window, click Create A Password For Your Account to display the Create Your Password window. Type your password, and then type it again to confirm that you didn't make a - [Finding any file in Windows Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/finding-any-file-in-windows-vista/) - Step 1: Click the start button, and start typing in the search box the name, or part of the name, of the file you want. Step 2: As you type, you’ll see the search results, if there are too many results, type more of the name to narrow the search, or include the file extension - [Windows Vista: Connecting to a Network Computer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/windows-vista-connecting-to-a-network-computer/) - Step 1: Click the start button, and choose Network from the menu to diplay the Network window. Step 2.: Double/click the computer whose files or folders you want to access. Step 3: If the Connect to dialogo box appears, enter a user name and password for that computer, and then click Ok. The user name - [Windows Vista: Controlling your printing](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/windows-vista-controlling-your-printing/) - 1.- Click the start button, type printer in the search box, and choose the printers folder 2.- Double-click the printer you're uisng to open the prin queue for the printer. 3.- Note the names and details of the documents in the quece - [Windows Vista: Changing the Window View](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/windows-vista-changing-the-window-view/) - 1.- In the window whose vie you want to change, click the views button to cycle through the views in order. 2.-if you want to select a specific view, click the down arrow at the right of the views button, and click the view you want 3.-if you cant to create a custome size for - [permanently delete your facebook account](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/permanently-delete-your-facebook-account/) - It is now possible to permanently delete your facebook account. In the past after disabling your facebook account it would remain on the facebook servers forever, meaning that you could re-enable your account at any time in the future with everything still there. It was almost like facebook didnt believe you where going to leave - [Blackberry controller wont start](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/windows-server/exchange-2003/blackberry-controller-wont-start/) - Blackberry controller error: Event Type: Error Event Source: Blackberry controller Event Category: None Event ID: 10000 Date: 9/3/2008 Time: 3:14:48 PM User: N/A The description for Event ID ( 10000 ) in Source ( BlackBerry Controller ) cannot be found. The local computer may not have the necessary registry information or message DLL files to - [Openvpn on vista cannot connect or ping](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/windows-vista/openvpn-on-vista-cannot-connect-or-ping/) - Add these lines to the client config and you should be ble to ping and access the remote network route-method exe mssfix 1200 route-delay 2 - [Disable Proxy settings in IE](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/microsoft/disable-proxy-settings-in-ie/) - This is how to disable the proxy settings in Internet Explorer (all versions): 1) Under "Tools" in the browser tool bar select "Internet Options". 2) In the "Internet Options" window that pops up, click the "Connections" tab at the top. 3) Click "LAN Settings" near the bottom of the "Connections" section. 4) If the "Proxy - [Simple wordpress upgrade from SSH howto](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/simple-wordpress-upgrade-from-ssh/) - cd to the directory of the website you want to upgrade then download wordpress latest release: wget http://wordpress.org/latest.zip unzip latest.zip cd wordpress rm -rf wp-config-sample.php wp-content cd ../ rm -rf rm -rf wordpress index.php license.txt readme.html wp-admin wp-app.php wp-atom.php wp-blog-header.php wp-comments-post.php wp-commentsrss2.php wp-config-sample.php wp-cron.php wp-feed.php wp-includes wp-links-opml.php wp-load.php wp-login.php wp-mail.php wp-pass.php wp-rdf.php wp-register.php wp-rss2.php wp-rss.php - [Howto secure wordpress](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/howto-secure-wordpress/) - We all know how secure wordpress is out of the box and if you miss a patch then .. well your just asking for big trouble. Generally upgrading your wordpress to the latest release will keep out 99% of the hackers and bots out there scouring the web for insecure wordpress sites (and believe me - [Howto optimize wordpress](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computers/internet/howto-optimize-wordpress/) - Wordpress is one of the great wonders of free software, an unlimited number of features and plugins that will keep anyone happy. With a zillion developers working on this thing it must be the best most optimized software in the world right? .. Unfortunately that is not the case. there are a few issues with - [Industry standard encryptions](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/computer-security/general/industry-standard-encryptions/) - What is the main industry standard file encryption For file protection, many companies and individuals use file encryption, which is similar to the encryption methods used for email. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), in 2001, announced the release of AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), which is also known as Rijndael. This standard was ## Pages - [Paid Support](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/paid-support/) - Need Paid computer support for projects and support beyond the help we provide on this page? contact Netdigix Business IT solutions at www.netdigix.com or 877-518-6695. They offer support for both Windows and Linux environments. - [About MyComputerAid.com](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/about/) - At MyComputerAid we are focused on helping the IT community and its users, As IT professionals ourselves we know how hard it is at times to find relevant information when troubleshooting a problem or researching new technologies and products. 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[Simplifying Infrastructure Complexity with Windows Dist](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/simplifying-infrastructure-complexity-with-windows-dist/) - [Geographically Dispersed Clusters in Windows Server 200](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/geographically-dispersed-clusters-in-windows-server-200/) - [Technical Overview of Windows Server 2003 Clustering Se](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/technical-overview-of-windows-server-2003-clustering-se/) - [Disabling Internet Explorer Enhanced Security Configura](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/disabling-internet-explorer-enhanced-security-configura/) - [what is RIP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/what-is-rip/) - [RIP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/rip/) - [change boot screen](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/change-boot-screen/) - [boot screen XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/boot-screen-xp/) - [wireless encryption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/wireless-encryption/) - [wireless security](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/wireless-security/) - [OSPF](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/ospf/) - [what is OSPF](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/what-is-ospf/) - [email encryption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/email-encryption/) - [email security](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/email-security/) - [openoffice vs office](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/openoffice-vs-office/) - [compare server 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/compare-server-2003/) - [server 2003 types](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/server-2003-types/) - [server 2003 versions](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/server-2003-versions/) - [Moving user profile location in Windows Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/moving-user-profile-location-in-windows-vista/) - [Disabling File and Folder Encryption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/disabling-file-and-folder-encryption/) - [Getting past the size limit for roaming profiles](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/getting-past-the-size-limit-for-roaming-profiles/) - [Vista's Setup log](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/vistas-setup-log/) - [Backing up event logs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/backing-up-event-logs/) - [More on preventing device installs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/more-on-preventing-device-installs/) - [Prevent any new devices from being installed](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/prevent-any-new-devices-from-being-installed/) - [Overriding device installation policies](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/overriding-device-installation-policies/) - [Controlling which kinds of devices can be installed](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/controlling-which-kinds-of-devices-can-be-installed/) - [Disabling removable devices](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/disabling-removable-devices/) - [Configuring device installation timeout](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/configuring-device-installation-timeout/) - [Device installation and system restore](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/device-installation-and-system-restore/) - [Disabling preferential device drivers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/disabling-preferential-device-drivers/) - [Disabling device found popups](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/disabling-device-found-popups/) - [Event log retention](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/event-log-retention/) - [Troubleshooting Regsvr32 Error 0x80004005](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/troubleshooting-regsvr32-error-0x80004005/) - [Turning on Windows features during an unattended instal](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/turning-on-windows-features-during-an-unattended-install/) - [Migrating unattend.txt to unattend.xml](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/migrating-unattendtxt-to-unattendxml/) - [Specifying your name and organization during an unatten](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/specifying-your-name-and-organization-during-an-unattended-install-of-vista/) - [Specifying the target partition for unattended install ](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/specifying-the-target-partition-for-unattended-install-of-vista/) - [How to tell if a computer has been sysprepped.](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/how-to-tell-if-a-computer-has-been-sysprepped/) - [Preparing a disk for an unattended install of Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/preparing-a-disk-for-an-unattended-install-of-vista/) - [Adding comments to answer files](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/adding-comments-to-answer-files/) - [Three more things you shouldn’t do with Sysprep](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/three-more-things-you-shouldn’t-do-with-sysprep/) - [Three things you shouldn’t with Sysprep](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/three-things-you-shouldn’t-with-sysprep/) - [Breaking into audit mode](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/breaking-into-audit-mode/) - [Changes to Sysprep switches in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/changes-to-sysprep-switches-in-vista/) - [Implicit answer file search order for Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/implicit-answer-file-search-order-for-vista/) - [Troubleshooting Vista Installs](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/troubleshooting-vista-installs/) - [Breaking into a command prompt in Windows PE](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/breaking-into-a-command-prompt-in-windows-pe/) - [What state is Vista Setup currently in?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/what-state-is-vista-setup-currently-in/) - [Vista’s Setup configuration passes for admins who deplo](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/vista’s-setup-configuration-passes-for-admins-who-deploy-xp/) - [Where is Sysprep in Vista?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/where-is-sysprep-in-vista/) - [Important Log Files for Deploying Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/important-log-files-for-deploying-vista/) - [Create Menus in Windows PE](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/create-menus-in-windows-pe/) - [ImageX with a GUI](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/imagex-with-a-gui/) - [Edit the Registry of a Vista Image](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/edit-the-registry-of-a-vista-image/) - [Essential Steps for Upgrading to Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/essential-steps-for-upgrading-to-vista/) - [Upgrade Advisor’s Big Brother](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/upgrade-advisor’s-big-brother/) - [Error Capturing Image of Reference Computer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/error-capturing-image-of-reference-computer/) - [Adding Boot Critical Drivers During Unattended Installa](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/adding-boot-critical-drivers-during-unattended-installation-of-vista/) - [Using Multiple Answer Files with Windows Deployment Ser](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/using-multiple-answer-files-with-windows-deployment-services/) - [More Sysprep Errors with Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/more-sysprep-errors-with-vista/) - [Sysprep Error with Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/sysprep-error-with-vista/) - [Check Hardware Before Upgrading to Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/check-hardware-before-upgrading-to-vista/) - [The Windows Automated Installation Kit](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/the-windows-automated-installation-kit/) - [Opening a command prompt during Setup](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/opening-a-command-prompt-during-setup/) - [Replacing your Vista System Drive](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/replacing-your-vista-system-drive/) - [Disk Cleanup in Windows Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/disk-cleanup-in-windows-vista/) - [import pst](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/import-pst/) - [import outlook files](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/import-outlook-files/) - [import ost](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/import-ost/) - [backup outlook](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/backup-outlook/) - [backup pst](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/backup-pst/) - [export mail](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/export-mail/) - [solid state](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/solid-state/) - [sata vs solidstate](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/sata-vs-solidstate/) - [upgrade 2003](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/upgrade-2003/) - [usb3](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/usb3/) - [about usb3](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/about-usb3/) - [encryption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/encryption/) - [standard encryption](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/standard-encryption/) - [Eee pc](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/eee-pc/) - [Eee review](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/eee-review/) - [cloudbook review](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/cloudbook-review/) - [cloudbook](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/cloudbook/) - [everex](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/everex/) - [nokia review](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/nokia-review/) - [nokia N810 review](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/nokia-n810-review/) - [Nokia computer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/nokia-computer/) - [oqo](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/oqo/) - [oqo review](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/oqo-review/) - [oqo computer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/oqo-computer/) - [Robocopy in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/robocopy-in-vista/) - [Disabling File and Folder Compression](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/disabling-file-and-folder-compression/) - [Vista command line tips](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/vista-command-line-tips/) - [Disable hibernation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/disable-hibernation/) - [Where's the Run Box?](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/wheres-the-run-box/) - [Free up disk space](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/free-up-disk-space/) - [NAP Client state – Three ways to check the state.](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/nap-client-state-–-three-ways-to-check-the-state/) - [Changing the Remote Desktop Port](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/changing-the-remote-desktop-port/) - [Securely transfer data between Vista machines](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/securely-transfer-data-between-vista-machines/) - [Identifying IPv6 Link Local Addresses](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/identifying-ipv6-link-local-addresses/) - [Identifying the IPv6 Loopback Address](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/identifying-the-ipv6-loopback-address/) - [Watching for network activity](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/watching-for-network-activity/) - [Replacing the motherboard on a Vista computer that has ](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/replacing-the-motherboard-on-a-vista-computer-that-has-bitlocker-enabled/) - [Locking down USB devices in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/locking-down-usb-devices-in-vista/) - [Disabling UAC](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/disabling-uac/) - [Troubleshooting Windows Update Issues with Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/troubleshooting-windows-update-issues-with-vista/) - [Creating a New User Profile in Vista](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/creating-a-new-user-profile-in-vista/) - [Troubleshooting Group Policy](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/troubleshooting-group-policy/) - [Removing the Hand from Icons of Shared Folders](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/removing-the-hand-from-icons-of-shared-folders/) - [Customizing Send To](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/customizing-send-to/) - [Dual-boot x86 and x64 Windows](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/dual-boot-x86-and-x64-windows/) - [Autologon and wireless networks](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/autologon-and-wireless-networks/) - [Fixing HAL Issues](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/fixing-hal-issues/) - [Can't shut down from command line](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/cant-shut-down-from-command-line/) - [Improve XP start time](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/improve-xp-start-time/) - [Eliminating the Welcome Screen](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/eliminating-the-welcome-screen/) - [Windows XP setup disks for floppy boot install](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/windows-xp-setup-disks-for-floppy-boot-install/) - [Pre-configuring local group policy settings](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/pre-configuring-local-group-policy-settings/) - [Using the Default Users profile](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/using-the-default-users-profile/) - [Control Windows XP Transition Effects for Menus and Win](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/control-windows-xp-transition-effects-for-menus-and-windows/) - [Microsoft PowerToys for Windows XP / TweakUI for XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/microsoft-powertoys-for-windows-xp-tweakui-for-xp/) - [Put Admin tools on Start Menu](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/put-admin-tools-on-start-menu/) - [Speedup Windows XP workstation](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/speedup-windows-xp-workstation/) - [Create Lock Desktop Icon](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/create-lock-desktop-icon/) - 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[Listing inbox printer drivers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/listing-inbox-printer-drivers/) - [Prevent Ordinary Users From Installing Devices](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/prevent-ordinary-users-from-installing-devices/) - [Device Driver Rollback in XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/device-driver-rollback-in-xp/) - [Kiosk Computers](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/kiosk-computers/) - [Using Windows Explorer as Admin](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/using-windows-explorer-as-admin/) - [Running IE from the command line](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/running-ie-from-the-command-line/) - [Configure and Maintain AutoComplete](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/configure-and-maintain-autocomplete/) - [Repair XP's IE](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/repair-xps-ie/) - [Open a command prompt in any folder using Windows Explo](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/open-a-command-prompt-in-any-folder-using-windows-explorer/) - [Online Support Site for Internet Explorer](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/online-support-site-for-internet-explorer/) - [Set Explorer to open unknown files with Notepad](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/set-explorer-to-open-unknown-files-with-notepad/) - [Explorer crashes and screen blank](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/explorer-crashes-and-screen-blank/) - [Tweaking DSL Speed MTU Size Setting in Windows XP](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/tweaking-dsl-speed-mtu-size-setting-in-windows-xp/) - [Forcing a remote logoff](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/forcing-a-remote-logoff/) - [antivirxp](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/antivirxp/) - [antivirxp08](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/antivirxp08/) - [anti vir xp](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/anti-vir-xp/) - [exchange re-attach](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/exchange-re-attach/) - [reattach exchange users](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/reattach-exchange-users/) - [re-attache mail](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/re-attache-mail/) - [html tags](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/html-tags/) - [html tutorial](https://www.mycomputeraid.com/tag/html-tutorial/) - 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